Riya Poyilil, Kumar Sandopu Sravan, Giridhar Parvatam
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570020, India.
ACS Omega. 2023 Jul 27;8(31):28519-28530. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02883. eCollection 2023 Aug 8.
L. (Petiveriaceae), commonly known as the pigeon berry, accumulates betalains in berries. The present study was focused on identifying the phytoconstituents, mineral content, fatty acid composition, phenolics, flavonoids, antinutritional factors, and antioxidant activities of different plant parts (leaf, stem, root, and seeds), which are otherwise not well explored. Phytoconstituent analysis revealed seeds as a potential source of carbohydrates (50.15 g/100 g), proteins (10.96 g/100 g), and fats (11.25 g/100 g). Roots showed the highest fat (17.66 g/100 g) and dietary fiber (81.49 g/100 g). Leaves and roots contain more iron (29.59 and 29.39 mg/100 g), whereas seed has high zinc content (12.09 mg/100 g). Leaf oil showed 47.83 g/100 g of omega-3-fatty acid, confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Seed oil showed 22.23 g/100, 44.48 g/100, and 24.04 g/100 g of palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids, respectively. The leaf extract has the highest TPC (597.55 mg/100 g), followed by the seed (421.68 mg/100 g). The leaf's 80% ethanolic extract had high TFC (2442.19 mg/100 g), followed by 70% methanolic extract (1566.25 mg/100 g). The antinutritional profile indicated significant phytic acid and oxalates in the leaf (9.3 g/100 and 2.07 g/100 g) and stem (6.9 and 1.58 g/100 g) and low tannin content (<0.5 g/100 g). The leaf's 80% ethanolic extract exhibited double the TAA than 70% methanolic extract (1.52 g/100 g). The leaf with an 80% ethanolic extract had the lowest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging EC (2.22 and 0.37 mg/mL). The leaf with an 80% ethanolic extract (479.73 mg/100 g) and seed (391.14 mg/100 g) had the highest FRAP activity. Our study proves that different parts of had a good content of phytoconstituents, bioactives, and antioxidant activities. Hence, leaves and seeds are a novel source of omega fatty acids and minerals reported for the first time and have potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
L.（紫茉莉科），通常被称为鸽子莓，其浆果中积累了甜菜色素。本研究的重点是确定不同植物部位（叶、茎、根和种子）的植物成分、矿物质含量、脂肪酸组成、酚类、黄酮类、抗营养因子和抗氧化活性，而这些方面此前尚未得到充分研究。植物成分分析表明，种子是碳水化合物（50.15克/100克）、蛋白质（10.96克/100克）和脂肪（11.25克/100克）的潜在来源。根中脂肪（17.66克/100克）和膳食纤维（81.49克/100克）含量最高。叶和根含有较多的铁（29.59和29.39毫克/100克），而种子锌含量较高（12.09毫克/100克）。通过气相色谱 - 质谱分析证实，叶油中ω-3脂肪酸含量为47.83克/100克。种子油中棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸含量分别为22.23克/100克、44.48克/100克和24.04克/100克。叶提取物的总酚含量最高（597.55毫克/100克），其次是种子（421.68毫克/100克）。叶的80%乙醇提取物总黄酮含量较高（2442.19毫克/100克），其次是70%甲醇提取物（1566.25毫克/100克）。抗营养成分分析表明，叶（9.3克/100克和2.07克/100克）和茎（6.9克/100克和1.58克/100克）中植酸和草酸盐含量显著，单宁含量较低（<0.5克/100克）。叶的80%乙醇提取物的总抗氧化活性是70%甲醇提取物的两倍（1.52克/100克）。叶的80%乙醇提取物清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的半数有效浓度最低（2.22和0.37毫克/毫升）。叶的80%乙醇提取物（479.73毫克/100克）和种子（391.14毫克/100克）的铁还原抗氧化能力活性最高。我们的研究证明，该植物的不同部位含有丰富的植物成分、生物活性物质和抗氧化活性。因此，该植物的叶和种子是首次报道的ω-脂肪酸和矿物质的新来源，在食品和制药行业具有潜在应用价值。
