Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.
International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Br J Nutr. 2024 Feb 14;131(3):447-460. doi: 10.1017/S0007114523001770. Epub 2023 Aug 14.
The present study investigated the potential role of the composition of dietary fatty acids in the regulation of biological rhythms, such as the sleep architecture, core body temperature and leukocyte clock gene expression, in subjects fed meals rich in palmitic acid (PA) or oleic acid (OA). Eleven males participated in two sessions of indirect calorimetry in a whole-room metabolic chamber. In each session, subjects consumed three meals rich in PA (44·3 % of total fat as PA and 42·3 % as OA) or OA (11·7 % of total fat as PA and 59·3 % as OA) in the metabolic chamber. The ratio of PA to OA in plasma was significantly lower and fat oxidation was significantly higher during 24 h of indirect calorimetry in the session with meals rich in OA than in that with meals rich in PA. The duration of slow wave sleep (SWS) was shorter, the latency of SWS was longer and the nadir of core body temperature after bedtime was later in the session with meals rich in PA than in that with meals rich in OA. The peak in gene expression was earlier and its amplitude was higher in the session with meals rich in PA than in that with meals rich in OA. In healthy young males, meals rich in PA decreased fat oxidation and disrupted biological rhythms, particularly the sleep architecture and core body temperature during sleep, more than meals rich in OA.
本研究旨在探讨膳食脂肪酸组成在调节生物节律中的潜在作用，例如睡眠结构、核心体温和白细胞时钟基因表达，研究对象为食用富含棕榈酸 (PA) 或油酸 (OA) 的膳食。11 名男性在整个代谢室的间接测热室内参加了两次间接测热。在每次试验中，受试者在代谢室内食用富含 PA（总脂肪的 44.3%为 PA，42.3%为 OA）或 OA（总脂肪的 11.7%为 PA，59.3%为 OA）的三餐。与富含 PA 的膳食相比，富含 OA 的膳食在 24 小时间接测热中，血浆中 PA 与 OA 的比例显著降低，脂肪氧化显著升高。富含 PA 的膳食比富含 OA 的膳食中，慢波睡眠 (SWS) 的持续时间更短，SWS 的潜伏期更长，睡前核心体温的最低点更晚。富含 PA 的膳食中， 基因表达的峰值更早，幅度更高。在健康的年轻男性中，富含 PA 的膳食比富含 OA 的膳食降低脂肪氧化并扰乱生物节律，尤其是睡眠结构和睡眠期间的核心体温。
