Wang Xin, Lou Hao, Wu Wen, Gao Genli, Li Ran, Lou Xiaomin, Wang Xian
Department of Children, Adolescents and Women Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China.
Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China.
J Sports Sci. 2023 Jun;41(9):884-894. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2245261. Epub 2023 Aug 14.
This study aimed to estimate temporal trends in physical fitness (PF) by regions, age groups and nutritional status among Chinese children and adolescents and to longitudinally examine PF determinants based on social-ecological model. Participants ( = 68,265) aged 7-18 were from five successive national surveys (2000 to 2019). Six tested items of PF were calculated as PF indicator (PFI), which was used to divide participants into two categories: low vs. moderate/high. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare difference and change trend of PFI. Linear regression evaluated relationship between PFI and body mass index (BMI), and logistic regression assessed association between PFI and factors of behaviours and lifestyles on individual-, family- and school-level based on the social-ecological model. PFI declined sharply from 2000 to 2010, increased slightly from 2010 to 2014 and then edged down in 2019. Students with moderate BMI and students in urban areas tended to have higher PFI, and larger increase of PFI was found in students aged 7-9 and 13-15 after 2010. Several determinants on individual-, family- and school-level related to PFI. Efforts to develop PF mainly include increasing PA and reducing sedentary behaviours by facilitating home-school collaboration and emphasizing age-, region- and BMI-specific actions.
本研究旨在评估中国儿童和青少年按地区、年龄组和营养状况划分的身体素质（PF）的时间趋势，并基于社会生态模型纵向研究PF的决定因素。7至18岁的参与者（n = 68265）来自连续五次全国性调查（2000年至2019年）。计算六项PF测试项目作为PF指标（PFI），用于将参与者分为两类：低水平与中等/高水平。采用单因素方差分析比较PFI的差异和变化趋势。线性回归评估PFI与体重指数（BMI）之间的关系，逻辑回归基于社会生态模型评估PFI与个体、家庭和学校层面的行为和生活方式因素之间的关联。PFI从2000年到2010年急剧下降，从2010年到2014年略有上升，然后在2019年略有下降。BMI适中的学生和城市地区的学生往往具有较高的PFI，2010年后7至9岁和13至15岁的学生PFI增长幅度更大。个体、家庭和学校层面的几个决定因素与PFI相关。发展PF的努力主要包括通过促进家校合作以及强调针对年龄、地区和BMI的特定行动来增加身体活动和减少久坐行为。
