Muzny Christina A, Sobel Jack D
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Int J Womens Health. 2023 Aug 9;15:1317-1325. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S383333. eCollection 2023.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection worldwide. It is associated with an increased risk of acquisition of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as well as pelvic inflammatory disease and adverse birth outcomes. During BV, a polymicrobial biofilm forms on the surface of the vaginal mucosa. However, the exact etiology of BV remains controversial which has impeded significant advances in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Despite 30-day cure rates approaching 80% in BV-infected women treated with 7 days of oral metronidazole, recurrence within 12 months is common. This article provides a current review of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of recurrent BV for practicing clinicians who commonly see women with this recurrent vaginal infection. Regarding management, we focus primarily on antimicrobial measures that may be effective. Future areas of research in this field are also discussed.
细菌性阴道病（BV）是全球最常见的阴道感染。它与感染HIV及其他性传播感染（STIs）、盆腔炎以及不良分娩结局的风险增加有关。在患BV期间，阴道黏膜表面会形成一种多微生物生物膜。然而，BV的确切病因仍存在争议，这阻碍了在诊断、治疗和预防方面取得重大进展。尽管接受7天口服甲硝唑治疗的BV感染女性的30天治愈率接近80%，但12个月内复发很常见。本文为经常诊治患有这种复发性阴道感染女性的临床医生提供了关于复发性BV的流行病学、发病机制、诊断和治疗的最新综述。关于管理，我们主要关注可能有效的抗菌措施。还讨论了该领域未来的研究方向。
