Datta Shria, Jha Kamlesh, Ganguly Abhimanyu, Kumar Tribhuwan
Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Jul 15;15(7):e41920. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41920. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Essential hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity worldwide, but its precise etiology remains unclear. Although its prevalence is high, there is no established predictor for the condition at an early age. Recent research has suggested that olfactory function may be associated with blood pressure regulation. This study sought to explore the association between olfactory function and essential hypertension.
Thirty middle-aged volunteers of both sexes with essential hypertension were recruited for the study along with 30 healthy control subjects matched for age and demographic characteristics. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and then underwent olfactory function tests to assess odor threshold and identification using the Indian Smell Identification Test (InSIT). The researchers calculated a combined threshold-identification score for both groups and performed the statistical analysis.
The study group showed significant olfactory scores in comparison to the control group participants. Control group showed a significantly higher mean combined olfactory score than the study population (p = 0.03). Significant negative correlation between systolic blood pressure and olfactory function (Pearson's coefficient = -0.329, p = 0.011) and a similar significant negative correlation between diastolic blood pressure and olfactory function (Pearson's coefficient = -0.252, p = 0.052) were the other observations. Gender differences did not account for any difference in the smell sense.
There may be a connection between olfactory function and blood pressure regulation in individuals with essential hypertension. However, further research is needed to better understand this association and to determine whether olfactory function could be used as a predictor or marker for hypertension.
原发性高血压是全球心血管疾病发病的主要原因，但其确切病因仍不清楚。尽管其患病率很高，但目前尚无早期诊断该疾病的确立预测指标。最近的研究表明，嗅觉功能可能与血压调节有关。本研究旨在探讨嗅觉功能与原发性高血压之间的关联。
招募30名患有原发性高血压的中年志愿者作为研究对象，并选取30名年龄和人口统计学特征相匹配的健康对照者。参与者完成一份人口统计学调查问卷，然后接受嗅觉功能测试，使用印度嗅觉识别测试（InSIT）评估气味阈值和识别能力。研究人员计算了两组的阈值-识别综合得分，并进行了统计分析。
与对照组参与者相比，研究组显示出显著的嗅觉得分。对照组的平均嗅觉综合得分显著高于研究人群（p = 0.03）。收缩压与嗅觉功能之间存在显著负相关（皮尔逊系数 = -0.329，p = 0.011），舒张压与嗅觉功能之间也存在类似的显著负相关（皮尔逊系数 = -0.252，p = 0.052）。性别差异对嗅觉没有影响。
原发性高血压患者的嗅觉功能与血压调节之间可能存在联系。然而，需要进一步研究以更好地理解这种关联，并确定嗅觉功能是否可作为高血压的预测指标或标志物。
