Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Ph.D.'s Degree Program in Biology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
PeerJ. 2023 Aug 11;11:e15827. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15827. eCollection 2023.
Mucus derived from many land snails has been extensively utilised in medicine and cosmetics, but some biological activities of the mucus need to be well documented. Nevertheless, most mucus is obtained from land snails, while mucus from freshwater snails has yet to be attended.
This study aims to determine and compare mucus's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities from the land snail and the freshwater snail . ABTS, DPPH, reducing power and total antioxidant activity assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 cells was performed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, the histochemical analysis of mucous cells in each snail foot was conducted to compare the distribution of mucous cells and types of mucins using periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue staining.
Mucus from and exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in different parameters. mucus has higher total antioxidant (44.71 ± 2.11 mg AAE/g) and nitric oxide inhibitory activities (IC = 9.67 ± 0.31 µg/ml), whereas mucus has better-reducing power activity (43.63 ± 2.47 mg AAE/g) and protein denaturation inhibition (IC = 0.60 ± 0.03 mg/ml). Histochemically, both species' dorsal and ventral foot regions contained neutral and acid mucins in different quantities. In the dorsal region, the neutral mucins level in (16.64 ± 3.46%) was significantly higher than that in (11.19 ± 1.50%), while the acid mucins level showed no significant difference between species. Levels of both mucins in the ventral foot region of (15.08 ± 3.97% and 10.76 ± 3.00%, respectively) were significantly higher than those of (2.25 ± 0.48% and 2.71 ± 0.56%, respectively). This study revealed scientific evidence of the biological capacity of mucus from and as well as provided helpful information on the region of the foot which produces effective mucus.
许多陆地蜗牛的黏液被广泛应用于医学和化妆品领域，但一些黏液的生物学活性仍需要充分证实。然而，大多数黏液是从陆地蜗牛中提取的，而淡水蜗牛的黏液尚未得到关注。
本研究旨在测定并比较陆地蜗牛和淡水蜗牛黏液的抗氧化和抗炎活性。采用 ABTS、DPPH、还原力和总抗氧化活性测定法评价抗氧化能力。通过测定脂多糖激活的 RAW 264.7 细胞中一氧化氮的产生来评价抗炎活性。此外，还通过过碘酸希夫和阿利新蓝染色对每只蜗牛足部的黏液细胞进行组织化学分析，比较黏液细胞的分布和黏蛋白的类型。
和黏液在不同参数上均表现出抗氧化和抗炎活性。黏液具有更高的总抗氧化（44.71 ± 2.11 mg AAE/g）和一氧化氮抑制活性（IC = 9.67 ± 0.31 µg/ml），而黏液具有更好的还原力活性（43.63 ± 2.47 mg AAE/g）和蛋白质变性抑制活性（IC = 0.60 ± 0.03 mg/ml）。组织化学分析显示，两种蜗牛的背、腹足部均含有中性和酸性黏蛋白，且含量不同。在背部区域，黏液中中性黏蛋白的水平在 （16.64 ± 3.46%）显著高于 （11.19 ± 1.50%），而酸性黏蛋白的水平在两种蜗牛之间没有显著差异。 黏液中两种黏蛋白在腹足部的水平（15.08 ± 3.97%和 10.76 ± 3.00%）均显著高于 （2.25 ± 0.48%和 2.71 ± 0.56%）。本研究为和黏液的生物学活性提供了科学依据，并为产生有效黏液的足部区域提供了有价值的信息。
