Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China.
Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education (Dalian Ocean University), Dalian, 116023, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 11;14(1):21267. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71520-1.
Pomacea canaliculata is one of the most successful invader in worldwide, adversely affecting native ecosystem through direct predation or indirect competition, while the mechanism of indirect effects on native species remain poorly understood. To clarify the effects of P. canaliculata on the native near-niche species, Bellamya purificata, a widespread freshwater gastropod in China, was selected as the research subject. The changes of mortality, histology, antioxidant system as well as the intestinal flora diversity of B. purificata were explored in present study. The results showed that the median lethal dose of P. canaliculata culture solution for B. purificata was 23.76 ind/L and a concentration-dependent damage of both the gonad and hepatopancreas were observed, the gonadal villi were dissolved and the hepatopancreas cells were broken at 20 ind/L. Furthermore, different concentrations of P. canaliculata culture solution leading to the antioxidant damage on the enzyme or non-enzyme systems of B. purificata at various degrees. Additionally, a decrease in the diversity of the intestinal flora was observed, accompanied by an increase in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Aeromonas after the exposure of the culture solution of P. canaliculata. Last, after being recovered in freshwater for 24 h, the antioxidant damage of B. purificata and the disturbance of intestinal flora diversity were still not recovered especially in the high concentration group. The indirect competitive mechanism of P. canaliculata culture solution on B. purificata were explored from the aspects of tissue, biochemical level and intestinal flora, which enriched the research of P. canaliculata invasion on native snails in China, and provided new insights for the study of the invasion strategy of P. canaliculata.
Pomacea canaliculata 是世界上最成功的入侵物种之一，通过直接捕食或间接竞争对本地生态系统造成不利影响，而其对本地物种的间接影响机制仍知之甚少。为了阐明 P. canaliculata 对本地近缘种的影响，选择分布广泛的中国淡水贝类 Bellamya purificata 作为研究对象。本研究探讨了 P. canaliculata 培养溶液对 B. purificata 死亡率、组织学、抗氧化系统以及肠道菌群多样性的影响。结果表明，P. canaliculata 培养溶液对 B. purificata 的半数致死剂量为 23.76 个/升，观察到性腺和肝胰腺的浓度依赖性损伤，20 个/升时性腺绒毛溶解，肝胰腺细胞破裂。此外，不同浓度的 P. canaliculata 培养溶液导致 B. purificata 的酶或非酶系统的抗氧化损伤程度不同。此外，观察到肠道菌群多样性降低，暴露于 P. canaliculata 培养溶液后，假单胞菌和气单胞菌等病原菌的丰度增加。最后，在恢复到淡水 24 h 后，B. purificata 的抗氧化损伤和肠道菌群多样性的干扰仍未恢复，尤其是在高浓度组。从组织、生化水平和肠道菌群等方面探讨了 P. canaliculata 培养溶液对 B. purificata 的间接竞争机制，丰富了中国 P. canaliculata 入侵本地贝类的研究，为研究 P. canaliculata 的入侵策略提供了新的见解。
