Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Universidade de Cruz Alta, Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Int J Med Mushrooms. 2023;25(7):55-64. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2023048512.
Lucilia cuprina is a vector of important diseases in humans and animals that causes myiasis in sheep, leading to enormous damage to the sheep sector. Chemical products are used to control these flies; however, there are reports of resistance in addition to these products causing toxicity to the environment, humans, and animals, so alternative controls have been studied to reduce these impacts. Pleurotus spp. are basidiomycete fungi and present bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. Due to the potential use of fungi to control Diptera, this study aimed to verify the activity of Pleurotus florida, P. ostreatus, and P. djamor in the control of larvae and adults of L. cuprina, as well as the effects of aqueous extracts of the fungi P. ostreatus, P. djamor, and P. florida on larvae and adults of L. cuprina. The aqueous extract from P. florida was the only one that showed larvicidal activity against L. cuprina, with a half-maximal effective concentration of 11.42 mg/mL. In the test with adult stages, 30 insects were used for each solution concentration, sprinkled with 1 mL of the solution. All aqueous extracts showed adulticidal activity at all concentrations, P. ostreatus showing the best results, with adult mortality ranging from 75.86 to 100%. Our results demonstrated an important larvicidal effect of P. florida and an adulticidal effect of all AE, with emphasis on P. ostreatus.
嗜粪丽蝇是一种能在绵羊中引起蝇蛆病的重要人畜共患病的媒介,给绵羊业造成了巨大损失。目前使用化学产品来控制这些蝇类,但有报道称这些产品存在抗药性,而且这些产品还会对环境、人类和动物造成毒性,因此已经研究了替代控制方法来减少这些影响。侧耳属真菌是担子菌真菌,具有药用特性的生物活性化合物。由于真菌控制双翅目昆虫的潜在用途,本研究旨在验证佛罗里达侧耳菌、糙皮侧耳和斑玉蕈在控制嗜粪丽蝇幼虫和成虫方面的活性,以及糙皮侧耳、斑玉蕈和佛罗里达侧耳真菌的水提物对嗜粪丽蝇幼虫和成虫的影响。只有佛罗里达侧耳的水提物对嗜粪丽蝇具有杀幼虫活性,半数有效浓度为 11.42mg/mL。在成虫阶段的测试中,每个溶液浓度使用 30 只昆虫,用 1 毫升溶液喷洒。所有水提物在所有浓度下均显示出杀成虫活性,糙皮侧耳表现出最好的结果,成虫死亡率范围为 75.86%至 100%。我们的结果表明,佛罗里达侧耳具有重要的杀幼虫作用,所有 AE 均具有杀成虫作用,糙皮侧耳尤为突出。