Gaines T B, Linder R E
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1986 Aug;7(2):299-308. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(86)90160-0.
LD50 values were determined for 57 pesticides administered by the oral or dermal route to adult male and female Sherman rats. Thirty-six of the chemicals were also tested by the oral route in one sex of weanlings. Nine pesticides tested by the oral route (bufencarb, cacodylic acid, dialifor, deltamethrin, dicamba, diquat, quintozene, phoxim, pyrazon) and four tested by the dermal route (bufencarb, chlordimeform, dichlofenthion, leptophos) were more toxic to females than to males whereas famphur and 2,4,5-T (oral route) were less toxic to females. Eighteen of the test chemicals were more toxic to the adult than to the weanling and four compounds (leptophos, methidathion, pyrazon, and sulfoxide) were more toxic to the weanling. In additional studies the variability of the LD50 value over a 1-year period was examined for two typical insecticides. Six consecutive bimonthly oral LD50 determinations for parathion and DDT in adults of both sexes indicated that the LD50 values were little affected by the time of year that the tests were done.
测定了57种农药经口或经皮途径给予成年雄性和雌性谢尔曼大鼠后的半数致死剂量（LD50）值。其中36种化学物质还对一种性别的断奶幼鼠进行了经口途径测试。9种经口途径测试的农药（丁硫克百威、二甲胂酸、二嗪磷、溴氰菊酯、麦草畏、敌草快、五氯硝基苯、辛硫磷、吡草酮）和4种经皮途径测试的农药（丁硫克百威、杀虫脒、二氯松、皮蝇磷）对雌性的毒性高于雄性，而伐虫脒和2,4,5-涕（经口途径）对雌性的毒性较低。18种受试化学物质对成年鼠的毒性高于断奶幼鼠，4种化合物（皮蝇磷、杀扑磷、吡草酮和亚砜）对断奶幼鼠的毒性更高。在其他研究中，对两种典型杀虫剂在1年期间LD50值的变异性进行了研究。对成年雌雄大鼠连续进行6次双月经口LD50测定，结果表明，测试时间对马拉硫磷和滴滴涕的LD50值影响不大。
