Czech Anna, Klimiuk Kamila, Sembratowicz Iwona
Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 5;18(10):e0291054. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291054. eCollection 2023.
To enrich pork with valuable n-3 PUFA, it is common practice to include flaxseeds in the swine diet. However, due to the high susceptibility of these acids to oxidation, this treatment requires an additional supply of antioxidants. Thyme herb can be used for this purpose, which in addition to high antioxidant activity is characterized by numerous health-promoting properties. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of the inclusion of 1% and 3% of thyme herb in mixtures with 4% of extruded flaxseeds as a source of n-3 PUFA on the performance results and health status of fatteners. The experiment was carried out on 120 weaners with an initial body weight of about 30 kg and kept until the end of fattening. They were divided into three experimental groups of 40 animals each (5 pens with 8 pigs in each). The control group (C) consisted of pigs receiving a base mixture with 4% of extruded flaxseeds. In the experimental groups, an additional 1% (T1) or 3% (T3) of thyme herb was added to the mixture. By supplementing the diet with 3% of thyme, an increase in average daily weight gain (P = 0.001) and a better feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001) were obtained. This could be the result of an improvement in the small intestine histology (greater villus height-P < 0.001) and better digestibility of basic nutrients (especially crude protein-P < 0.05) found in experimental animals. In addition to these effects, thyme herb supplementation contributed to the stimulation of immune mechanisms (increase in the number of WBC-P ≤ 0.05; plasma IgA - P < 0.05 and IgG-P < 0.005, and the level of lysozyme-P < 0.05). The obtained results indicate the advisability of the use of thyme as a feed additive beneficially influencing the health and performance results in pigs. The obtained results indicate the advisability of the use of thyme as a feed additive beneficially influencing the health and performance results in pigs.
为了使猪肉富含珍贵的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），在猪的日粮中添加亚麻籽是常见做法。然而，由于这些脂肪酸极易氧化，这种处理需要额外添加抗氧化剂。百里香草可用于此目的，它除了具有高抗氧化活性外，还具有许多促进健康的特性。本研究旨在评估在含有4%挤压亚麻籽作为n-3 PUFA来源的混合物中添加1%和3%百里香草对育肥猪生产性能和健康状况的影响。实验在120头初始体重约30公斤的断奶仔猪上进行，直至育肥结束。它们被分为三个实验组，每组40只动物（每组5个猪栏，每个猪栏8头猪）。对照组（C）由接受含有4%挤压亚麻籽的基础混合物的猪组成。在实验组中，向混合物中额外添加1%（T1）或3%（T）的百里香草。通过在日粮中添加3%的百里香草，平均日增重有所增加（P = 0.001），饲料转化率得到改善（P < 0.001）。这可能是实验动物小肠组织学改善（绒毛高度增加 - P < 0.001）以及基础营养物质（尤其是粗蛋白 - P < 0.05）消化率提高的结果。除了这些影响外，添加百里香草有助于刺激免疫机制（白细胞数量增加 - P ≤ 0.05；血浆IgA - P < 0.05和IgG - P < 0.005，以及溶菌酶水平 - P < 0.05）。所得结果表明使用百里香草作为饲料添加剂对猪的健康和生产性能产生有益影响是可取的。所得结果表明使用百里香草作为饲料添加剂对猪的健康和生产性能产生有益影响是可取的。
