Zeng Xianling, An Ruifang, Li Han
Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
Open Med (Wars). 2023 Aug 8;18(1):20230743. doi: 10.1515/med-2023-0743. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this study was to explore risk factors of recurrent bacterial vaginosis (RBV) among women of reproductive age. This cross-sectional study was carried out in real-world conditions. Women with RBV were selected, and simultaneously uncomplicated bacterial vaginosis (UBV) and those who underwent routine gynecological examination and had normal vaginal microflora were also recruited as the control. Totally, 316 participants were enrolled. Univariate analysis showed that unemployment, desserts, and wiping were related to UBV, while there was no definite relationship between education, high body mass index, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and RBV or UBV. History of human papillomavirus infection, contraceptive methods, age at first sexual intercourse, and not cleaning vulva during sexual activity were connected with UBV, while the history of other vaginitis and number of sexual partners in the previous year were related to both RBV and UBV. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lower educational level increased the risk of suffering RBV. Interestingly, no smoking was a protective factor. Moreover, the absence of other vaginitis and an exclusive sexual partner could also weaken the risk of incurring RBV. These various adverse factors alter endocrine function and vaginal immunity, further leading to the recurrence of BV. It is necessary to take corresponding measures to avoid risk factors and to help lessening the prevalence of RBV among women of reproductive age.
本研究旨在探讨育龄期女性复发性细菌性阴道病（RBV）的危险因素。本横断面研究在实际环境中开展。选取患有RBV的女性，同时招募未合并其他病症的细菌性阴道病（UBV）患者以及接受常规妇科检查且阴道微生物群正常的女性作为对照。总共招募了316名参与者。单因素分析显示，失业、食用甜点和擦拭方式与UBV有关，而教育程度、高体重指数、吸烟、久坐不动的生活方式与RBV或UBV之间没有明确关系。人乳头瘤病毒感染史、避孕方法、首次性交年龄以及性行为期间不清洁外阴与UBV有关，而其他阴道炎病史和前一年性伴侣数量与RBV和UBV均有关。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，较低的教育水平会增加患RBV的风险。有趣的是，不吸烟是一个保护因素。此外，没有其他阴道炎以及只有一个性伴侣也可降低患RBV的风险。这些各种不利因素会改变内分泌功能和阴道免疫力，进而导致BV复发。有必要采取相应措施以避免危险因素，并有助于降低育龄期女性中RBV的患病率。
