Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2018 Jun 7;2018:9703754. doi: 10.1155/2018/9703754. eCollection 2018.
To explore risk factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) among women of reproductive age in Xi'an district and then to offer reference for clinical prevention and treatment of VVC. Patients from the outpatient department of gynecology and obstetrics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from June 2016 to May 2017 were recruited strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants diagnosed as simple VVC were assigned to the case group, while women who underwent routine gynecological examination and had normal vaginal microflora were assigned to the control group. Then we conducted a questionnaire survey of the two groups and used the logistic regression model to explore the related risk factors of VVC. In the present study, ninety-seven cases were sample VVC patients and eighty-seven cases were healthy women. This cross-sectional study showed that occasionally or never drinking sweet drinks (odds ratio [OR] =0.161, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.056-0.462, P=0.001), occasionally or never eating sweet foods (OR=0.158, 95%CI=0.054-0.460, P=0.001), and the use of condom (OR=0.265, 95%CI=0.243-0.526, P=0.001) were regarded as protective factors for VVC. In addition, sedentary life style (OR=7.876, 95%CI=1.818-34.109, P=0.006), frequently wearing tights (OR=6.613, 95%CI=1.369-27.751, P=0.018), frequent intravaginal douching (OR=3.493, 95%CI=1.379-8.847, P=0.008), having the first sexual encounter when under 20 years old (OR=2.364, 95%CI=1.181-7.758, P=0.006), the number of sexual partners being over two (OR=3.222, 95%CI=1.042-9.960, P=0.042), history of curettage (OR=3.471, 95%CI=1.317-9.148, P=0.012), history of vaginitis (OR=8.999, 95%CI=2.816-28.760, P<0.001), and not cleaning the vulva before or after sexual encounters (OR=13.684, 95%CI=2.843-65.874, P=0.001) were considered to be risk factors of VVC. In conclusion, risk factors of VVC are various, involving ages, hygienic habits, disease history, and other aspects.
探讨西安地区育龄期妇女外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病（VVC）的发病危险因素，为 VVC 的临床防治提供参考。
严格按照纳入和排除标准，选取 2016 年 6 月至 2017 年 5 月于西安交通大学第一附属医院妇产科门诊就诊的患者进行病例对照研究。将单纯 VVC 患者设为病例组，同期行常规妇科检查且阴道微生态正常的妇女设为对照组。对两组患者进行问卷调查，采用 logistic 回归模型分析 VVC 的相关发病危险因素。
本研究共纳入 97 例 VVC 患者和 87 例健康对照，单因素分析显示，偶尔或从不饮用甜饮料（OR=0.161，95%CI=0.056-0.462，P=0.001）、偶尔或从不食用甜食（OR=0.158，95%CI=0.054-0.460，P=0.001）、使用避孕套（OR=0.265，95%CI=0.243-0.526，P=0.001）是 VVC 的保护因素。多因素分析显示，久坐（OR=7.876，95%CI=1.818-34.109，P=0.006）、经常穿紧身裤（OR=6.613，95%CI=1.369-27.751，P=0.018）、经常阴道冲洗（OR=3.493，95%CI=1.379-8.847，P=0.008）、首次性生活年龄<20 岁（OR=2.364，95%CI=1.181-7.758，P=0.006）、性伴侣数>2 个（OR=3.222，95%CI=1.042-9.960，P=0.042）、有刮宫史（OR=3.471，95%CI=1.317-9.148，P=0.012）、有阴道炎史（OR=8.999，95%CI=2.816-28.760，P<0.001）、性生活前后不清洗外阴（OR=13.684，95%CI=2.843-65.874，P=0.001）是 VVC 的发病危险因素。
VVC 的发病危险因素较多，涉及年龄、卫生习惯、疾病史等多方面。
