Miyata T, Kai H, Saito M, Okano Y, Takahama K, Nakagawa M, Kojima S
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1986 Jul;88(1):57-64. doi: 10.1254/fpj.88.57.
The mechanism of action of secretagogic expectorants (ex., ambroxol) has not been clarified. Recently, attention has been directed to the relationship of their action to pulmonary surfactants. In the present study, the fatty acid (FA) composition of phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is the main physiological surfactant, was investigated using sputum, respiratory tract fluid, mucin-like substance, lung washings and lung tissue of rabbits. Effects of ambroxol (20 mg/kg, i.s.) on several parameters such as output volume, FA contents of PC, protein content and viscosity of respiratory tract fluid of rabbits were also investigated. In respiratory tract fluid, lung washings and mucin-like substance of rabbits, saturated FA, especially C16:0, were predominant components of PC; while in sputum and lung tissue of rabbits and respiratory tract fluid of hens, unsaturated FA, especially C18:1 and C18:2, were more predominant components in comparison with those in the above specimens. Ambroxol significantly increased the contents of C16:0, saturated FA and total FA of PC, and it also increased protein content with an increase in the viscosity of respiratory tract fluid. These results suggest that in the respiratory tract fluid of rabbits, PCs are pulmonary surfactants, and the increasing secretion of pulmonary surfactant is likely to be involved in the expectorant action of ambroxol.
促分泌性祛痰药（如氨溴索）的作用机制尚未阐明。最近，人们的注意力转向了它们的作用与肺表面活性物质的关系。在本研究中，使用兔的痰液、呼吸道液体、黏蛋白样物质、肺灌洗液和肺组织，研究了作为主要生理性表面活性物质的磷脂酰胆碱（PC）的脂肪酸（FA）组成。还研究了氨溴索（20mg/kg，腹腔注射）对兔呼吸道液体的输出量、PC的FA含量、蛋白质含量和黏度等几个参数的影响。在兔的呼吸道液体、肺灌洗液和黏蛋白样物质中，饱和脂肪酸，尤其是C16:0，是PC的主要成分；而在兔的痰液和肺组织以及母鸡的呼吸道液体中，与上述标本相比，不饱和脂肪酸，尤其是C18:1和C18:2，是更主要的成分。氨溴索显著增加了PC中C16:0、饱和脂肪酸和总脂肪酸的含量，并且随着呼吸道液体黏度的增加，它还增加了蛋白质含量。这些结果表明，在兔的呼吸道液体中，PC是肺表面活性物质，肺表面活性物质分泌的增加可能与氨溴索的祛痰作用有关。
