Bretl Brandon L, Goering Marlon
University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Evol Hum Sci. 2022 Jul 27;4:e33. doi: 10.1017/ehs.2022.34. eCollection 2022.
This study sought to explore the validity of a latent-factor model of moral intuition development during early adolescence. The 3-Factor Character Foundations Survey (CFS-3) was used to assess the moral intuitions of early adolescents ( = 850, mean = 12.4 years old, SD = 0.96) under a moral foundations theory framework. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the psychometric validity of the three latent factor constructs (autonomy, loyalty and empathy), and partial metric invariance was established to allow for the comparison of latent factor means between four age- and sex-based groups coinciding with averages for pubertal onset. Results support prior findings of greater latent factor means for females in all three factors when compared with males in the 11-12-year-old age group. Additionally, 13-14-year-old females exhibited lower latent factor means in autonomy and loyalty factors when compared with 11-12-year-old females. This resulted in 13-14-year-old females remaining higher in empathy and autonomy but showing no difference in loyalty when compared with 13-14-year-old males. The results are interpreted through the lens of attachment theory, socio-cultural influence and certain limitations of the survey instrument itself. Suggestions for future studies are proposed.
本研究旨在探讨青春期早期道德直觉发展的潜在因素模型的有效性。在道德基础理论框架下，使用三因素性格基础调查（CFS - 3）来评估青春期早期青少年（n = 850，平均年龄 = 12.4岁，标准差 = 0.96）的道德直觉。验证性因素分析支持了三个潜在因素结构（自主性、忠诚和同理心）的心理测量效度，并建立了部分度量不变性，以便比较与青春期开始平均水平相符的四个年龄和性别组之间的潜在因素均值。结果支持了先前的研究发现，即在11 - 12岁年龄组中，与男性相比，女性在所有三个因素中的潜在因素均值更高。此外，与11 - 12岁的女性相比，13 - 14岁的女性在自主性和忠诚因素上的潜在因素均值较低。这导致13 - 14岁的女性在同理心和自主性方面仍然高于13 - 14岁的男性，但在忠诚方面没有差异。研究结果通过依恋理论、社会文化影响以及调查工具本身的某些局限性进行了解释。并提出了对未来研究的建议。
