Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, 492001, Chhattisgarh, India.
Department of Botany, Govt. Digvijay Autonomous Post-Graduate College, Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India.
Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2024 Jan;14(1):236-246. doi: 10.1007/s13346-023-01396-7. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
Keratin-based nanofibers were fabricated using the electrospinning technique, and their potential as scaffolds for tissue engineering was investigated. Keratin, extracted from the human hair, was blended with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in an aqueous medium. Morphological characterizations of the fabricated PVA-keratin nanofiber (PK-NF) random and aligned scaffolds performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the formation of uniform and randomly oriented nanofibers with an interconnected three-dimensional network structure. The mean diameter of the nanofibers ranged from 100 to 250 nm. Functional groups and structural studies were done by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. FTIR study suggested that PVA interacted with keratin by hydrogen bonding. Moreover, the in vitro cell culture study could suggest that PK-NF scaffolds were non-cytotoxic by supporting the growth of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs), human keratinocytes (HaCaT), and dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cell lines. Further, the immunocytochemical characterization revealed the successful infiltration, adhesion, and growth of ESCs, HaCaT, and NHDF cells seeded on PK-NF scaffolds. However, there was no noteworthy difference observed concerning cell growth and viability irrespective of the random and aligned internal fibril arrangement of the PK-NF scaffolds. The infiltration and growth pattern of HaCaT and NHDF cells adjacent to each other in a 3D co-culture study mimicked that of epidermal and dermal skin cells and indeed underscored the potential of PK-NFs as a scaffold for skin tissue engineering.
使用静电纺丝技术制备了基于角蛋白的纳米纤维，并研究了其作为组织工程支架的潜力。角蛋白是从人发中提取的，与聚乙烯醇（PVA）在水介质中混合。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对制备的 PVA-角蛋白纳米纤维（PK-NF）随机和定向支架的形貌特征进行了表征，结果表明形成了均匀且无规取向的纳米纤维，具有相互连接的三维网络结构。纳米纤维的平均直径范围为 100 至 250nm。通过红外光谱（FTIR）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）分析进行了官能团和结构研究。FTIR 研究表明，PVA 通过氢键与角蛋白相互作用。此外，体外细胞培养研究表明，PK-NF 支架通过支持鼠胚胎干细胞（ESCs）、人角质形成细胞（HaCaT）和真皮成纤维细胞（NHDF）细胞系的生长是非细胞毒性的。此外，免疫细胞化学特性表明，ESCs、HaCaT 和 NHDF 细胞成功渗透、粘附和生长在 PK-NF 支架上。然而，无论 PK-NF 支架的内部纤维排列是随机的还是定向的，都观察到细胞生长和活力没有明显差异。在 3D 共培养研究中，相邻 HaCaT 和 NHDF 细胞的渗透和生长模式类似于表皮和真皮皮肤细胞，确实强调了 PK-NFs 作为皮肤组织工程支架的潜力。
