MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Aug 18;72(33):893-896. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7233a3.
During May 2022-May 2023, approximately 30,000 mpox cases were reported in the United States, predominantly among young adult men. Persons aged >50 years might experience more severe mpox disease because of a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Conversely, they could have residual protection from childhood smallpox vaccination against monkeypox virus infection and severe mpox, as has been suggested by investigation of some previous mpox outbreaks. To examine the characteristics of mpox cases among adults aged >50 years, analysts compared mpox epidemiology and clinical outcomes among all adults aged ≥18 years, by age group. Further, outcomes were compared among adults aged >50 years by JYNNEOS vaccination status. During May 10, 2022-May 17, 2023, among 29,984 adults with probable or confirmed mpox reported to CDC, 2,909 (9.7%) were aged >50 years, 96.3% of whom were cisgender men. Compared with adults aged 18-50 years, adults aged >50 years had higher prevalences of immunocompromising conditions (p<0.001) and HIV infection (p<0.001). Among adults with mpox aged >50 years, 27.6% had received JYNNEOS vaccination; this group had lower prevalences of constitutional symptoms (p<0.001), pruritus (p<0.001), and hospitalization (p = 0.002) compared with those who had not received JYNNEOS vaccine. Currently recommended JYNNEOS vaccination among all adults at risk for mpox should be encouraged, irrespective of childhood smallpox vaccination status.
在 2022 年 5 月至 2023 年 5 月期间，美国报告了大约 30000 例猴痘病例，主要发生在年轻成年男性中。由于合并症的患病率较高，年龄>50 岁的人可能会经历更严重的猴痘疾病。另一方面，他们可能会因童年时期接种天花疫苗而对猴痘病毒感染和严重猴痘产生残余保护，这一点已经在一些先前的猴痘疫情调查中得到了证实。为了研究年龄>50 岁的成年人中猴痘病例的特征，分析人员比较了所有年龄≥18 岁的成年人中猴痘的流行病学和临床结果，按年龄组进行比较。此外，还比较了年龄>50 岁的成年人中 JYNNEOS 疫苗接种状况的结果。在 2022 年 5 月 10 日至 2023 年 5 月 17 日期间，向疾病预防控制中心报告的 29984 例可能或确诊的猴痘成年人中，有 2909 例（9.7%）年龄>50 岁，其中 96.3%为顺性别男性。与 18-50 岁的成年人相比，年龄>50 岁的成年人免疫功能低下的情况更为普遍（p<0.001）和 HIV 感染（p<0.001）。在年龄>50 岁的猴痘成年人中，有 27.6%接受了 JYNNEOS 疫苗接种；与未接种 JYNNEOS 疫苗的人相比，该组的全身症状（p<0.001）、瘙痒（p<0.001）和住院率（p=0.002）较低。应鼓励所有有感染猴痘风险的成年人接种目前推荐的 JYNNEOS 疫苗，无论其童年时期是否接种过天花疫苗。
