Paraburkholderia flagellata sp. nov. and Paraburkholderia adhaesiva sp. nov., two novel species isolated from forest soil in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in Guangdong, China.

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile and short rod strains, designated 4D117 and ZD32-2, were isolated from the forest soils. Strains 4D117 and ZD32-2 grew optimally at pH 4.0-6.5, 20-33 °C and pH 4.5-7.0, 33 °C, respectively, and both at 0.5% (w/v) NaCl concentration. Strains 4D117 and ZD32-2 shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with P. acidiphila 7Q-K02 (99.1%) and P. ferrariae NBRC 106233 (98.7%), respectively. The genome size and G + C contents of strains 4D117 and ZD32-2 were 9,002,095 bp, 62.9% and 6,974,420 bp, 61.7%, respectively. The dDDH and ANI values between strains 4D117, ZD32-2 and closely related Paraburkholderia species were in the ranges of 21.9-51.6% and 82.9-94.4%, and 81.7% and 25.4% between themself, respectively. Functional genomic analysis showed both strains were capable of degrading contaminants, such as benzoate, anthranilic acid and catechol for 4D117, and benzene and catechol for ZD32-2, indicating that they may have potentials for soil pollutant treatment. The main polar lipids of strains 4D117 and ZD32-2 were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol. Strain 4D117 contained C, C cyclo ω8c and C ω7c and/or C ω6c, while strain ZD32-2 had C and C cyclo as their major cellular fatty acids (> 10%). Based on the phenotypic characters and genomic data, strains 4D117 and ZD32-2 represent two novel species of genus Paraburkholderia, for which the names Paraburkholderia flagellata sp. nov. (type strain 4D117 = GDMCC 1.2617 = NBRC 115278) and Paraburkholderia adhaesiva sp. nov. (type strain ZD32-2 = GDMCC 1.2622 = NBRC 115282) are proposed.