Rodrigues Esperandim Tábata, Barcelos Ribeiro Arthur, Silva Squarisi Iara, Teixeira Marcos de Souza Letícia, Olimpio de Souza Thiago, Oliveira Acésio Nathália, Ferreira Conceição Santos Mário, Kenupp Bastos Jairo, Ricardo Ambrósio Sérgio, Crispim Tavares Denise
University of Franca, Av. Dr. Armando Salles Oliveira, 201, 14.404-600 Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2023 Nov 2;86(21):791-802. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2243976. Epub 2023 Aug 17.
Brazilian brown propolis (BBP) is a natural product derived predominantly from the south region of Brazil, where Araucaria forests are dominant. Despite its potential as a source of bioactive compounds with leishmanicidal, anti-inflammatory, nociceptive, and antimicrobial properties, BBP has not been comprehensively studied compared to green propolis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the safety and chemopreventive potential of BBP. The cytotoxicity attributed to BBP was assessed using two different assays, while the Salmonella/microsome assay was employed to evaluate mutagenicity. The acute toxicity attributed to BBP was determined using a zebrafish model, while the chemopreventive potential was investigated utilizing Chinese hamster lung (V79) cell lines. Data demonstrated that BBP exerted cytotoxic effects at concentrations greater than or equal to 10 µg/ml and did not exhibit mutagenicity in strains TA98 and TA100. However, at the highest concentration tested (4000 µg/plate), BBP induced a significant increase in revertant colonies in TA102 strain. The LC equivalent to 8.83 mg/L was obtained in the acute toxicity evaluation in zebrafish. BBP also showed antigenotoxic effect by significantly reducing chromosomal damage induced by the mutagen doxorubicin in V79 cell cultures at a concentration of 2.5 μg/ml. Compared to Brazilian green and red propolis, BBP exhibited greater toxicity. On the other hand, at lower concentrations, BBP displayed chemopreventive potential, which may be associated with the antioxidant capacity of the extract. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the biological properties and potential applications of BBP in treating various diseases.
巴西棕蜂胶（BBP）是一种主要源自巴西南部地区的天然产物，该地区南洋杉森林占主导地位。尽管BBP作为具有抗利什曼原虫、抗炎、镇痛和抗菌特性的生物活性化合物来源具有潜力，但与绿蜂胶相比，它尚未得到全面研究。因此，本研究旨在确定BBP的安全性和化学预防潜力。使用两种不同的试验评估了BBP的细胞毒性，同时采用沙门氏菌/微粒体试验评估致突变性。使用斑马鱼模型确定了BBP的急性毒性，同时利用中国仓鼠肺（V79）细胞系研究了其化学预防潜力。数据表明，BBP在浓度大于或等于10μg/ml时具有细胞毒性作用，并且在TA98和TA100菌株中未表现出致突变性。然而，在测试的最高浓度（4000μg/平板）下，BBP在TA102菌株中诱导回复菌落显著增加。在斑马鱼急性毒性评估中获得的半数致死浓度相当于8.83mg/L。在浓度为2.5μg/ml时，BBP还通过显著减少诱变剂阿霉素在V79细胞培养物中诱导的染色体损伤而表现出抗遗传毒性作用。与巴西绿蜂胶和红蜂胶相比，BBP表现出更大的毒性。另一方面，在较低浓度下，BBP显示出化学预防潜力，这可能与其提取物的抗氧化能力有关。这些发现有助于更好地理解BBP在治疗各种疾病中的生物学特性和潜在应用。
