Herholz Conny, Siegwart Janina, Nussbaum Madlene, Studer Michael Hans-Peter, Burgos Stéphane
Agriculture, Equine Science and Soil Use and Conservation, Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (HAFL) Länggasse 85, Zollikofen, Switzerland.
Agriculture, Equine Science and Soil Use and Conservation, Bern University of Applied Sciences, School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (HAFL) Länggasse 85, Zollikofen, Switzerland.
J Equine Vet Sci. 2023 Oct;129:104909. doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104909. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Sports physiological properties of ten sand or sand-mineral outdoor arenas, five with vertical drainage systems and five with an ebb and flow like system were assessed over a period of 8 weeks. For each arena, the riding zone was spatially delineated, nine locations at medium to intensely used zones were selected by simple random sampling and used along the whole measurement period. A total of 72 values for the dynamic deflection modulus (Evd), attenuation (s/v), settlement (s) and moisture content (Vol %) were analyzed for each arena. A novel technique to analyze the settlement curves of the light weight deflectometer (LWD) to describe reactivity of the footing surface was introduced. Statistical testing was done by linear mixed models. Three of the five arenas with a vertical watering system were judged to be hard (Evd > 20 MN/m), whereas all five arenas with an ebb and flow like watering systems were medium hard (Evd = 10-20 MN/m) over the entire 8 weeks. Significant (P < .01) temporal differences in Evd, s/v and moisture were demonstrated for both watering systems; however, the spatial and temporal variations were much lower with the ebb-flow system. Temporal consistency in the parameters over the test weeks appeared to be a criterion for stability of the arena surface. The analysis of the settlement curves of the LWD showed that the slope symmetry has a large potential to describe the restoration of the energy of an equestrian surface than only the settlement, which requires further validation.
对十个沙地或含沙矿物质的户外竞技场的运动生理特性进行了为期8周的评估，其中五个采用垂直排水系统，另外五个采用类似涨落潮的系统。对于每个竞技场，划定了骑行区域，通过简单随机抽样在中度至高强度使用区域选择了九个位置，并在整个测量期间使用。每个竞技场共分析了72个动态回弹模量（Evd）、衰减（s/v）、沉降（s）和含水量（体积百分比）值。引入了一种新的技术来分析轻型弯沉仪（LWD）的沉降曲线，以描述基础表面的反应性。采用线性混合模型进行统计检验。在整个8周期间，五个采用垂直浇水系统的竞技场中有三个被判定为硬质地（Evd>20 MN/m），而五个采用类似涨落潮浇水系统的竞技场均为中等硬度（Evd = 10 - 20 MN/m）。两种浇水系统在Evd、s/v和含水量方面均表现出显著（P < 0.01）的时间差异；然而，涨落潮系统的空间和时间变化要小得多。测试周内参数的时间一致性似乎是竞技场表面稳定性的一个标准。对LWD沉降曲线的分析表明，与仅考虑沉降相比，斜率对称性在描述马术场地能量恢复方面具有更大的潜力，这需要进一步验证。
