Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, 410011 Changsha, China.
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, 410011 Changsha, China.
Biomater Sci. 2023 Sep 26;11(19):6403-6420. doi: 10.1039/d3bm00312d.
Cardiovascular diseases have remained the leading cause of death worldwide for the past 20 years. The current clinical therapeutic measures, including bypass surgery, stent implantation and pharmacotherapy, are not enough to repair the massive loss of cardiomyocytes after myocardial ischemia. Timely replenishment with functional myocardial tissue biomedical engineering is the most direct and effective means to improve the prognosis and survival rate of patients. It is widely recognized that 4D printing technology introduces an additional dimension of time in comparison with traditional 3D printing. Additionally, in the context of 4D bioprinting, both the printed material and the resulting product are designed to be biocompatible, which will be the mainstream of bioprinting in the future. Thus, this review focuses on the application of 4D bioprinting in cardiovascular diseases, discusses the bottleneck of the development of 4D bioprinting, and finally looks forward to the future direction and prospect of this revolutionary technology.
在过去的 20 年中，心血管疾病一直是全球范围内的主要死亡原因。目前的临床治疗措施，包括旁路手术、支架植入和药物治疗，不足以修复心肌缺血后大量的心肌细胞损失。及时补充具有功能的心肌组织是改善患者预后和生存率的最直接、最有效的方法。人们普遍认为，与传统的 3D 打印相比，4D 打印技术引入了时间的额外维度。此外，在 4D 生物打印的背景下，打印材料和最终产品都被设计为生物相容性的，这将是未来生物打印的主流。因此，本综述重点介绍了 4D 生物打印在心血管疾病中的应用，讨论了 4D 生物打印发展的瓶颈问题，最后展望了这项革命性技术的未来方向和前景。
