Juncker Hannah G, van den Akker Chris H P, Meerdink Pauline L, Korosi Aniko, Vaz Frédéric M, van Goudoever Johannes B, van Keulen Britt J
Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, University of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Front Nutr. 2023 Aug 4;10:1107768. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1107768. eCollection 2023.
The maternal diet greatly influences the nutritional composition of human milk. With the rise of vegan diets by lactating mothers, there are concerns about the nutritional adequacy of their milk. Two important nutrients, vitamin B2 and carnitine, are mostly ingested via animal products.
We investigated the influence of a vegan diet on the vitamin B2 and carnitine concentrations in milk and serum of lactating women.
In this case-control study, 25 lactating mothers following an exclusive vegan diet were comparted to 25 healthy lactating mothers with an omnivorous diet without use of supplements. High-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to measure vitamin B2 and carnitine concentrations, respectively. A linear regression model was used to determine differences in human milk and serum concentrations between study groups.
Vitamin B2 concentrations in human milk and serum did not differ between study groups. While the human milk free carnitine (C) and acetyl carnitine (C) concentrations did not differ between study groups, serum carnitine concentrations were lower in participants following a vegan diet than in omnivorous women ( < 0.0001).
A maternal vegan diet did not affect human milk concentration of vitamin B2 and carnitine. Breastfed infants of mothers following an exclusive vegan diet therefore are likely not at increased risk of developing a vitamin B2 or carnitine deficiency.
母亲的饮食对母乳的营养成分有很大影响。随着哺乳期母亲纯素饮食的增加，人们对其母乳的营养充足性表示担忧。两种重要营养素，维生素B2和肉碱，大多通过动物产品摄入。
我们研究了纯素饮食对哺乳期妇女乳汁和血清中维生素B2和肉碱浓度的影响。
在这项病例对照研究中，将25名纯素饮食的哺乳期母亲与25名不使用补充剂的杂食性饮食的健康哺乳期母亲进行比较。分别使用高效液相色谱法和液相色谱 - 串联质谱法测量维生素B2和肉碱浓度。使用线性回归模型确定研究组之间母乳和血清浓度的差异。
研究组之间母乳和血清中的维生素B2浓度没有差异。虽然研究组之间母乳中的游离肉碱（C）和乙酰肉碱（C）浓度没有差异，但纯素饮食的参与者血清肉碱浓度低于杂食性女性（<0.0001）。
母亲的纯素饮食不会影响母乳中维生素B2和肉碱的浓度。因此，纯素饮食的母亲母乳喂养的婴儿患维生素B2或肉碱缺乏症的风险可能不会增加。
