Wang Bing, Gai Xiangzhen, Han Yuling, Liu Yanqin, Zhang Yun, Sun Jing, Liu Miao, Yu Huafeng, Peng Zhenju, Wei Xiaoling, Chang Yuna, Ma Xiang, Gai Zhongtao
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong, University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan, China.
School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Front Pediatr. 2023 Aug 3;11:1212658. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1212658. eCollection 2023.
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), public's awareness of infection prevention and control has increased overall, and various prevention and control measures have been adopted. These measures may also have a certain impact on the occurrence of other infectious diseases. Therefore, we collected information on children with several respiratory infectious diseases in Jinan Children's Hospital in China from 2016 to 2022 and analyzed their changes.
We collected data on age, sex and number of cases of pertussis, measles, scarlet fever, pulmonary tuberculosis, mumps and influenza, which were diagnosed by clinical and laboratory criteria, from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2022 in Jinan Children's Hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Data on the number of people affected by these diseases in China from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were compared. Then, we processed the data by using WPS Excel 2019 and SPSS.
A total of 12,225 cases were included in this study in Jinan Children's Hospital, which consisted of 3,688 cases of pertussis (2,200 cases before COVID-19 and 1,488 during COVID-19), 680 cases of measles (650 cases before COVID-19 and 30 during COVID-19), 4,688 cases of scarlet fever (4,001 cases before COVID-19 and 687 during COVID-19), 114 cases of tuberculosis (86 cases before COVID-19 and 28 during COVID-19), 449 cases of mumps (340 cases before COVID-19 and 109 during COVID-19) and 2,606 cases of influenza (1,051 cases before COVID-19 and 1,555 during COVID-19). The numbers of children in the hospital with pertussis, measles, scarlet fever, mumps and influenza decreased substantially during COVID-19 in 2020-2022 compared with numbers in 2016-2019, while numbers of patients in China with all six respiratory infectious diseases, including pulmonary tuberculosis, declined during the pandemic. A rebound of pertussis, scarlet fever and influenza was observed in 2021 and 2022.
The study found that viral pathogens such as those causing measles, mumps and influenza all decreased during the pandemic, after which influenza rebounded. Infection diseases caused by bacteria such as scarlet fever and pertussis also decreased during COVID-19, and then a rebound occurred. However, tuberculosis stayed relatively constant.
自2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情爆发以来，公众的感染预防和控制意识总体有所提高，并采取了各种防控措施。这些措施可能也对其他传染病的发生有一定影响。因此，我们收集了2016年至2022年中国济南市儿童医院几种呼吸道传染病患儿的信息，并分析了其变化情况。
我们收集了2016年1月1日至2022年12月31日在中国山东省济南市儿童医院就诊的、根据临床和实验室标准诊断的百日咳、麻疹、猩红热、肺结核、腮腺炎和流感的年龄、性别及病例数数据。将这些疾病在中国疾病预防控制中心登记的患病人数数据进行比较。然后，我们使用WPS Excel 2019和SPSS对数据进行处理。
济南市儿童医院本研究共纳入12225例病例，其中百日咳3688例（COVID-19之前2200例，COVID-19期间1488例），麻疹680例（COVID-19之前650例，COVID-19期间30例），猩红热4688例（COVID-19之前4001例，COVID-19期间687例），肺结核114例（COVID-19之前86例，COVID-19期间28例），腮腺炎449例（COVID-19之前340例，COVID-19期间109例），流感2606例（COVID-19之前1051例，COVID-19期间1555例）。与2016 - 2019年相比，2020 - 2022年COVID-19期间，该医院百日咳、麻疹、猩红热、腮腺炎和流感患儿数量大幅下降，而包括肺结核在内的所有六种呼吸道传染病在中国的患病人数在疫情期间均有所下降。2021年和2022年观察到百日咳、猩红热和流感出现反弹。
该研究发现，在疫情期间，引起麻疹、腮腺炎和流感等的病毒病原体数量均下降，之后流感出现反弹。由细菌引起的传染病如猩红热和百日咳在COVID-19期间也有所下降，之后出现反弹。然而，肺结核病例数相对保持稳定。
