CNRS, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, University Savoie Mont Blanc, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.
Nat Ecol Evol. 2023 Sep;7(9):1467-1479. doi: 10.1038/s41559-023-02150-5. Epub 2023 Aug 21.
Dispersal across biogeographic barriers is a key process determining global patterns of biodiversity as it allows lineages to colonize and diversify in new realms. Here we demonstrate that past biogeographic dispersal events often depended on species' traits, by analysing 7,009 tetrapod species in 56 clades. Biogeographic models incorporating body size or life history accrued more statistical support than trait-independent models in 91% of clades. In these clades, dispersal rates increased by 28-32% for lineages with traits favouring successful biogeographic dispersal. Differences between clades in the effect magnitude of life history on dispersal rates are linked to the strength and type of biogeographic barriers and intra-clade trait variability. In many cases, large body sizes and fast life histories facilitate dispersal success. However, species with small bodies and/or slow life histories, or those with average traits, have an advantage in a minority of clades. Body size-dispersal relationships were related to a clade's average body size and life history strategy. These results provide important new insight into how traits have shaped the historical biogeography of tetrapod lineages and may impact present-day and future biogeographic dispersal.
生物地理障碍的扩散是决定全球生物多样性格局的关键过程，因为它使谱系能够在新领域中进行殖民和多样化。在这里，我们通过分析 56 个支系中的 7009 种四足动物物种，证明过去的生物地理扩散事件往往取决于物种的特征。在 91%的支系中，包含体型或生活史特征的生物地理模型比独立于特征的模型获得了更多的统计支持。在这些支系中，具有有利于成功生物地理扩散特征的谱系的扩散率增加了 28-32%。生活史对扩散率的影响幅度在支系之间的差异与生物地理障碍的强弱和类型以及支系内特征的可变性有关。在许多情况下，较大的体型和较快的生活史有助于扩散成功。然而，在少数支系中，体型较小和/或生活史较慢的物种，或者具有平均特征的物种具有优势。体型与扩散的关系与支系的平均体型和生活史策略有关。这些结果为特征如何塑造四足动物谱系的历史生物地理学提供了重要的新见解，并可能影响当前和未来的生物地理扩散。
