Sgroi Giovanni, D'Alessio Nicola, Auriemma Clementina, Salant Harold, Gallo Amalia, Riccardi Marita Georgia, Alfano Flora, Rea Simona, Scarcelli Stefano, Ottaviano Martina, De Martinis Claudio, Fusco Giovanna, Lucibelli Maria Gabriella, Veneziano Vincenzo
Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.
Osservatorio Faunistico Venatorio-Campania Region, Naples, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Aug 7;10:1201476. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1201476. eCollection 2023.
Following the increase of wild boar () populations in Europe, a potential risk of emerging infections by vector-borne pathogens may occur. Despite this, the circulation of piroplasmid species in these ungulates is still a neglected topic, particularly in the Mediterranean basin. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of / spp. in wild boars from southern Italy to assess the epidemiological role of these ungulates in the circulation of piroplasmids.
By using a approach among hunters and veterinarians, wild boar spleen samples were collected in the Campania region (southern Italy) between 2016 and 2022. A combined semi-nested PCR/sequencing analysis targeting the V4 hyper-variable region of rRNA was run to detect / spp. DNA.
Out of 243 boars, 15 (i.e., 6.2, 95% CI: 3.4-9.9) tested positive to / spp., ( = 13, 5.3, 95% CI: 3.1-8.9) the most prevalent, followed by ( = 2, 0.8, 95% CI: 0.2-2.9). Three different sequence types were identified (i.e., ST1, ST2, ST3), with the most representative as ST1 (60%), and a single sequence type. No statistically significant difference ( > 0.05) were found between the presence of the pathogens and boar age, sex, province and sample collection year.
Data demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of and in wild boars, which may play a role in the biological cycle of piroplasmids. We emphasize the importance of monitoring these ungulates to prevent potential foci of . The engagement of hunters in epidemiological scientifically based surveys can constitute a technically sound control strategy of piroplasmids in a One Health perspective.
随着欧洲野猪（ ）种群数量的增加，媒介传播病原体引发新感染的潜在风险可能会出现。尽管如此，梨形虫物种在这些有蹄类动物中的传播仍是一个被忽视的话题，尤其是在地中海盆地。因此，本研究旨在调查意大利南部野猪中 / 属物种的存在情况，以评估这些有蹄类动物在梨形虫传播中的流行病学作用。
通过在猎人和兽医中采用一种 方法，于2016年至2022年期间在坎帕尼亚地区（意大利南部）采集野猪脾脏样本。针对 rRNA的V4高变区进行了半巢式PCR/测序联合分析，以检测 / 属物种的DNA。
在243头野猪中，15头（即6.2%，95%置信区间：3.4 - 9.9）对 / 属物种检测呈阳性， （ = 13，5.3%，95%置信区间：3.1 - 8.9）最为普遍，其次是 （ = 2，0.8%，95%置信区间：0.2 - 2.9）。鉴定出三种不同的 序列类型（即ST1、ST2、ST3），其中最具代表性的是ST1（60%），以及一种单一的 序列类型。在病原体的存在与野猪年龄、性别、省份和样本采集年份之间未发现统计学上的显著差异（ > 0.05）。
数据首次证明了 和 在野猪中的存在，它们可能在梨形虫的生物循环中发挥作用。我们强调监测这些有蹄类动物以预防潜在 疫源地的重要性。猎人参与基于科学的流行病学调查可以构成从“同一个健康”角度对梨形虫进行技术上合理的控制策略。
