Dalton Milena, Sanderson Benjamin, Robinson Leanne J, Homer Caroline S E, Pomat William, Danchin Margie, Vaccher Stefanie
Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Population Health & Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2023 Aug 23;3(8):e0002268. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002268. eCollection 2023.
Routine vaccines are critical to child health. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted essential health services, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We reviewed literature to determine the impact of COVID-19 on service delivery and uptake of routine childhood immunisation in LMICs. We reviewed papers published between March 2020 and June 2022 using a scoping review framework, and assessed each paper across the World Health Organisation health system strengthening framework. Our search identified 3,471 publications; 58 studies were included. One-quarter of studies showed routine childhood immunisation coverage declined (10% to 38%) between 2019 to 2021. Declines in the number of vaccine doses administered (25% to 51%), timeliness (6.2% to 34%), and the availability of fixed and outreach services were also reported. Strategies proposed to improve coverage included catch-up activities, strengthening supply chain and outreach services. Re-focusing efforts on increasing coverage is critical to improve child health and reduce the likelihood of disease outbreaks.
常规疫苗对儿童健康至关重要。新冠疫情对基本卫生服务产生了重大影响，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）。我们回顾了相关文献，以确定新冠疫情对低收入和中等收入国家常规儿童免疫服务提供和接种率的影响。我们使用范围综述框架回顾了2020年3月至2022年6月期间发表的论文，并根据世界卫生组织卫生系统强化框架对每篇论文进行了评估。我们的检索共识别出3471篇出版物，纳入了58项研究。四分之一的研究表明，2019年至2021年期间常规儿童免疫接种覆盖率有所下降（10%至38%）。报告还显示，疫苗接种剂量数量下降（25%至51%）、及时性下降（6.2%至34%）以及固定和外展服务的可及性下降。为提高覆盖率而提出的策略包括补种活动、加强供应链和外展服务。重新将工作重点放在提高覆盖率上对于改善儿童健康和降低疾病爆发的可能性至关重要。
