Beale N, Nethercott S
J R Coll Gen Pract. 1986 Jun;36(287):261-4.
Analysis of data on morbidity in a group of factory workers shows a significant increase when these workers are threatened with and subsequently made redundant. The influence of increasing age and of low prior morbidity are shown to be detrimental to the health of both male and female employees. When these risk factors are combined these employees show a 150% increase in the number of consultations, a 70% increase in the number of episodes of illness, a 160% increase in the number of referrals to hospital outpatient departments and a 200% increase in the number of attendances at outpatient departments.These changes occur two years before actual job-loss when the workers learn that their employee is in financial difficulty and their jobs are in jeopardy.It is suggested that older employees demonstrate greater stress because of their poor re-employment prospects and reduced adaptability. It is also suggested that existing differences in consulting tendency might represent differing levels of work attachment among the employees - the low consulters being most strongly oriented towards their jobs and therefore suffering the greater loss when made redundant.
对一组工厂工人的发病数据进行分析后发现，当这些工人受到裁员威胁并最终被裁时，发病率显著上升。研究表明，年龄增长和先前发病率较低对男性和女性员工的健康都有不利影响。当这些风险因素叠加时，这些员工的门诊就诊次数增加了150%，发病次数增加了70%，转至医院门诊部的次数增加了160%，门诊就诊人次增加了200%。这些变化发生在实际失业前两年，此时工人们得知他们的雇主陷入财务困境，自己的工作岌岌可危。研究表明，年长员工因再就业前景不佳和适应能力下降而承受更大压力。研究还表明，现有的咨询倾向差异可能代表了员工之间不同的工作依恋程度——咨询次数少的员工对工作的投入度最高，因此在被裁时遭受的损失也更大。
