Beale N, Nethercott S
J R Coll Gen Pract. 1988 May;38(310):200-2.
A longitudinal, controlled study on job loss and health using general practice records has concluded that unemployment morbidity among men made redundant can be identified as an increase in those episodes of illness which are associated with many consultations. The possibility that these episodes represent chronic ill health has been tested using the same data base. If chronic illnesses are defined as those requiring active management after one year, their incidence among unemployed men was over six times that among controls (P<0.001). Cardiovascular disorders were frequently detected in the unemployed men and several of the other chronic complaints they suffered may also have had a psychosomatic aetiology related to stress. The consequent workload in terms of consultations, investigations, referrals, outpatient attendances and drug therapy increased significantly after job loss. More frequent, short-lived illnesses showed continuing downward trends in study and control men.The results suggest that unskilled men face a serious health hazard if made redundant. Investigating and treating their chronic disabilities leads to an increased medical workload and must further burden the health service.
一项利用全科医疗记录对失业与健康进行的纵向对照研究得出结论，被裁员男性的失业发病率可表现为与多次就诊相关的疾病发作增加。已使用相同数据库对这些发作代表慢性健康问题的可能性进行了检验。如果将慢性病定义为那些在一年后需要积极管理的疾病，那么失业男性中的发病率是对照组的六倍多（P<0.001）。在失业男性中经常检测到心血管疾病，他们所患的其他一些慢性疾病也可能有与压力相关的身心病因。失业后，在就诊、检查、转诊、门诊出勤和药物治疗方面的后续工作量显著增加。在研究对象和对照组男性中，更频繁、短暂的疾病呈持续下降趋势。结果表明，非技术工人如果被裁员，将面临严重的健康风险。对他们的慢性残疾进行调查和治疗会增加医疗工作量，必然会给医疗服务带来进一步负担。
