Berisha Hajriz, Horváth Gergely, Fišer Žiga, Balázs Gergely, Fišer Cene, Herczeg Gábor
Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Biological Institute, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, Hungary H-1117.
ELKH-ELTE-MTM Integrative Ecology Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, Hungary H-1117.
Curr Zool. 2022 Aug 9;69(4):418-425. doi: 10.1093/cz/zoac063. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral activity. However, when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity, the adaptive shift is expected to be sex-specific. Here, we compared movement activity of one cave (lack of predation) and three adjacent surface (high and diverse predation) populations of , a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across Europe. We predicted 1) higher activity in cave than in surface populations, with 2) the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior, while females are not. Activity was assessed both in the presence and absence of light. Our results supported both predictions: movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations, particularly in males. Relaxed predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity, but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.
预计遭受可忽略不计捕食压力的种群会进化出更高的行为活跃度。然而，当两性从高活跃度中获得的预期益处不同时，适应性转变预计会具有性别特异性。在此，我们比较了一种淡水等足类动物的一个洞穴种群（缺乏捕食）和三个相邻地表种群（捕食压力大且多样）的运动活跃度，这种淡水等足类动物以其在欧洲多个洞穴的独立定殖而闻名。我们预测：1）洞穴种群的活跃度高于地表种群，且2）这种差异在雄性中更为明显，因为雄性以积极的求偶行为著称，而雌性则不然。在有光和无光条件下均对活跃度进行了评估。我们的结果支持了这两个预测：洞穴种群的运动活跃度高于地表种群，尤其是在雄性中。洞穴适应种群中捕食压力的放松很可能是行为活跃度增加背后的主要选择因素，但我们也表明增加的程度具有性别特异性。
