Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Jul 31;13(8):777. doi: 10.3390/bios13080777.
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that can form on various surfaces, including medical devices, industrial equipment, and natural environments. The presence of biofilms can lead to a range of problems, including infections, reduced efficiency and failure of equipment, biofouling or spoilage, and environmental damage. As a result, there is a growing need for tools to measure and monitor levels of biofilms in various biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food processing settings. In recent years, electrochemical impedance sensing has emerged as a promising approach for real-time, non-destructive, and rapid monitoring of biofilms. This article sheds light on electrochemical sensing for measuring biofilms, including its high sensitivity, non-destructive nature, versatility, low cost, and real-time monitoring capabilities. We also discussed some electrochemical sensing applications for studying biofilms in medical, environmental, and industrial settings. This article also presents future perspectives for research that would lead to the creation of reliable, quick, easy-to-use biosensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), utilizing artificial intelligence-based terminologies to detect biofilms.
生物膜是微生物的复杂群落，可以在各种表面形成，包括医疗器械、工业设备和自然环境。生物膜的存在会导致一系列问题，包括感染、设备效率降低和故障、生物污垢或变质以及环境破坏。因此，需要有工具来测量和监测各种生物医学、制药和食品加工环境中的生物膜水平。近年来，电化学阻抗传感已成为实时、非破坏性和快速监测生物膜的一种很有前途的方法。本文介绍了电化学传感在测量生物膜方面的应用，包括其高灵敏度、非破坏性、多功能性、低成本和实时监测能力。我们还讨论了一些电化学传感在医学、环境和工业环境中研究生物膜的应用。本文还提出了未来的研究展望，包括利用基于人工智能的术语，利用人工智能术语来检测生物膜，将可靠、快速、易于使用的生物传感器安装在无人机 (UAV) 和无人地面车辆 (UGV) 上。
