Li Chao, Zhao Xueyan, Zhao Guisheng, Xue Haipeng, Wang Yanping, Ren Yifan, Li Jingxuan, Wang Huaizhong, Wang Jiying, Song Qinye
Hebei Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China.
Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
Vet Sci. 2023 Aug 16;10(8):524. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10080524.
Intestinal microbiota has an important impact on pig phenotypes. Previous studies mainly focused on the microbiota of feces and worldwide farmed commercial pigs, while research on the microbiota of various intestinal sections and indigenous pig breeds is very limited. This study aimed to characterize and compare the biogeography of intestinal microbiota in pigs of one Chinese indigenous breed and one commercial crossbred. In this study, we sequenced the microbiota of six intestinal segments in the grown-up pigs of a Chinese indigenous breed, Laiwu pigs, and the worldwide farmed crossbred Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs by 16S rRNA sequencing, characterized the biogeography of intestinal microbiota, and compared the compositional and functional differences between the two breeds. The results showed that there were obvious differences in microbial structure and abundance between the small and large intestines. Laiwu pigs had higher large intestinal diversity than DLY pigs, while DLY pigs had higher small intestinal diversity than Laiwu pigs. Moreover, some specific bacterial taxa and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were found to be related to the high fat deposition and good meat quality of Laiwu pigs and the high growth speed and lean meat rate of DLY pigs. This study provides an insight into the shifts in taxonomic composition, microbial diversity, and functional profile of intestinal microbiota in six intestinal segments of Laiwu and DLY pigs, which would be essential for exploring the potential influence of the host's genetic background on variation in microbiota composition and diversity.
肠道微生物群对猪的表型有重要影响。以往的研究主要集中在粪便微生物群以及全球养殖的商业猪上，而对不同肠道段和地方猪种微生物群的研究非常有限。本研究旨在表征和比较一个中国地方猪种和一个商业杂交猪种肠道微生物群的生物地理学特征。在本研究中，我们通过16S rRNA测序对中国地方猪种莱芜猪以及全球养殖的杂交猪杜洛克×长白×大白（DLY）成年猪的六个肠道段的微生物群进行了测序，表征了肠道微生物群的生物地理学特征，并比较了两个猪种之间的组成和功能差异。结果表明，小肠和大肠之间的微生物结构和丰度存在明显差异。莱芜猪的大肠多样性高于DLY猪，而DLY猪的小肠多样性高于莱芜猪。此外，还发现一些特定的细菌类群和京都基因与基因组百科全书途径与莱芜猪的高脂肪沉积和良好肉质以及DLY猪的高生长速度和瘦肉率有关。本研究深入了解了莱芜猪和DLY猪六个肠道段中肠道微生物群的分类组成、微生物多样性和功能概况的变化，这对于探索宿主遗传背景对微生物群组成和多样性变化的潜在影响至关重要。
