Yang Yuting, Li Yongxiang, Xie Yanggang, Qiao Shiyan, Yang Lijie, Pan Hongbin
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Apr 25;9:890585. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.890585. eCollection 2022.
The gut microbiota plays vital roles in metabolizing nutrient, maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier but also in modulating immunity. Host genetics and the pig breed are implicated in shaping gut microbiota. Tibetan pig is a unique native Chinese breed and has evolved to manifest a strong disease resistance. However, the immunity and microbiota of growing Tibetan (TP) pigs were still rarely understood. The jejunal immunity phenotype and microbial composition of TP and Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs were explored through immunohistochemistry and 16S rRNA sequencing. Higher scores of clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4+) and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) were observed in TP pigs than those of DLY pigs ( < 0.05), as were Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and zonular occludens 1 (ZO-1) ( < 0.01). Similar levels of bacterial richness and diversity were found in the jejunal microbiota of the TP and DLY pigs. However, the TP pigs showed a significantly different microbiome compared to DLY pigs at the genus level (ANOSIM; < 0.05). , and were enriched in DLY pigs ( < 0.05), while the and had higher abundances in TP pigs than DLY pigs ( < 0.05). Tibetan pigs have "healthier" intestinal microbial communities than DLY pigs. Close relationships were found between jejunal immune performance and the differential bacteria, can enhance porcine jejunal immunity, while will have a negative impact on porcine gut immunity.
肠道微生物群在营养物质代谢、维持肠道上皮屏障以及调节免疫方面发挥着至关重要的作用。宿主遗传学和猪的品种与肠道微生物群的形成有关。藏猪是中国特有的本土品种，已进化出很强的抗病能力。然而，对生长中的藏猪的免疫和微生物群仍知之甚少。通过免疫组织化学和16S rRNA测序，探索了藏猪和杜洛克×（长白×大白）（DLY）猪空肠的免疫表型和微生物组成。藏猪中分化簇4（CD4+）和Toll样受体9（TLR9）的得分高于DLY猪（<0.05），白细胞介素10（IL-10）和紧密连接蛋白1（ZO-1）也是如此（<0.01）。在藏猪和DLY猪的空肠微生物群中发现了相似水平的细菌丰富度和多样性。然而，在属水平上，藏猪的微生物组与DLY猪相比存在显著差异（ANOSIM；<0.05）。在DLY猪中，[具体菌属1]和[具体菌属2]富集（<0.05），而在藏猪中，[具体菌属3]和[具体菌属4]的丰度高于DLY猪（<0.05）。藏猪的肠道微生物群落比DLY猪“更健康”。发现空肠免疫性能与差异细菌之间存在密切关系，[具体菌属3]可增强猪空肠免疫力，而[具体菌属1]会对猪肠道免疫产生负面影响。
