Poledniczek Michael, Neumayer Christoph, Kopp Christoph W, Schlager Oliver, Gremmel Thomas, Jozkowicz Alicja, Gschwandtner Michael E, Koppensteiner Renate, Wadowski Patricia P
Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Biomedicines. 2023 Aug 17;11(8):2284. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11082284.
Inflammation has a critical role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. On the molecular level, inflammatory pathways negatively impact endothelial barrier properties and thus, tissue homeostasis. Conformational changes and destruction of the glycocalyx further promote pro-inflammatory pathways also contributing to pro-coagulability and a prothrombotic state. In addition, changes in the extracellular matrix composition lead to (peri-)vascular remodelling and alterations of the vessel wall, e.g., aneurysm formation. Moreover, progressive fibrosis leads to reduced tissue perfusion due to loss of functional capillaries. The present review aims at discussing the molecular and clinical effects of inflammatory processes on the micro- and macrovasculature with a focus on peripheral artery disease.
炎症在动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展中起关键作用。在分子水平上，炎症信号通路对内皮屏障特性产生负面影响，进而影响组织稳态。糖萼的构象变化和破坏进一步促进促炎信号通路，也导致促凝和血栓前状态。此外，细胞外基质成分的变化会导致（外周）血管重塑和血管壁改变，如动脉瘤形成。此外，进行性纤维化会因功能性毛细血管丧失而导致组织灌注减少。本综述旨在探讨炎症过程对微血管和大血管的分子及临床影响，重点关注外周动脉疾病。
