Wang Zifei, Qu Pengfeng, Zhao Yunfeng, Wu Yongning, Lyu Bing, Miao Hongjian
China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (2019RU014), Beijing 100021, China.
Foods. 2023 Aug 21;12(16):3129. doi: 10.3390/foods12163129.
Ethyl carbamate (EC) is carcinogenic, and, in China, oral intake of EC mainly occurs as a result of the consumption of alcoholic beverages. To obtain the latest EC intake and risk analysis results for the general population in China, the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA) conducted the sixth total diet study (TDS) as a platform to analyze EC contents and exposure due to the intake of alcoholic beverages. A total of 100 sites in 24 provinces were involved in the collection and preparation of alcohol mixture samples for the sixth TDS. There were 261 different types of alcohol collected across the country, based on local dietary menus and consumption survey results. Ultimately, each province prepared a mixed sample by mixing their respective samples according to the percentage of local consumption. The EC levels of these twenty-four mixed samples were determined using our well-validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The values ranged from 1.0 μg/kg to 33.8 μg/kg, with 10.1 μg/kg being the mean. China's EC daily intake ranged from 0.001 ng/kg bw/d to 24.56 ng/kg bw/d, with a mean of 3.23 ng/kg bw/d. According to the margin of exposure (MOE), virtually safe dose (VSD), and T25 risk assessments of the carcinogenicity of EC, the mean lifetime cancer risk for the Chinese population was 9.8 × 10, 1.5 × 10, and 8.6 × 10, respectively. These data show that the carcinogenicity of EC in the general Chinese population due to alcoholic intake is essentially minimal.
氨基甲酸乙酯（EC）具有致癌性，在中国，人体通过口服摄入EC主要是由于饮用酒精饮料所致。为获取中国普通人群最新的EC摄入量及风险分析结果，中国国家食品安全风险评估中心（CFSA）开展了第六次总膳食研究（TDS），以此为平台分析酒精饮料摄入中的EC含量及暴露情况。第六次TDS共涉及24个省份的100个采样点，用于酒精混合样品的采集与制备。基于当地饮食菜单和消费调查结果，全国共采集了261种不同类型的酒类。最终，每个省份根据当地消费比例将各自的样品混合，制备出一个混合样本。采用我们经过充分验证的气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）方法测定了这24个混合样本中的EC含量。其值在1.0μg/kg至33.8μg/kg之间，平均值为10.1μg/kg。中国的EC每日摄入量在0.001ng/kg bw/d至24.56ng/kg bw/d之间，平均值为3.23ng/kg bw/d。根据EC致癌性的暴露边际（MOE）、实际安全剂量（VSD）和T25风险评估，中国人群的终生癌症风险平均值分别为9.8×10、1.5×10和8.6×10。这些数据表明，在中国普通人群中，因酒精摄入导致的EC致癌性基本可忽略不计。
