Stanaszek Monika, Fugiel Jarosław, Kozieł Sławomir, Sebastjan Anna, Suder Agnieszka, Ignasiak Zofia
Department of Physiotherapy, Witelon Collegium State University, 59-220 Legnica, Poland.
Department of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Aug 20;11(16):2348. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11162348.
There is a relationship between physical activity and environmental factors, including weather conditions. Winter should not be a season in which physical activity is abandoned. Previous studies indicate that reducing the daily level of physical activity in adults has a negative impact on their motor proficiency and respiratory endurance, which subsequently translates into diminished quality of life. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of winter outdoor physical activity on somatic parameters, body composition, and motor performance of adult men (age 45.4 ± 5.9 years) involved in regular physical activity (physically active PA, = 31) during the winter season (study group) compared to the control group of physically inactive men (PI, = 22). Somatic parameters and selected parameters of motor fitness (Eurofit for Adults) were measured in both groups twice, at the beginning (pre) and at the end (post) of the winter season. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures and a post hoc LSD test were performed to evaluate the difference between the mean parameter values. In the PA group, a decrease in body fat mass, waist circumference, and abdominal obesity indicators, as well as an increase in skeletal muscle mass were confirmed. Improvements in motor performance parameters, i.e., flexibility, the speed of upper limb movements, hand and forearm muscle grip strength, the strength of the lower part of the torso, and cardiorespiratory endurance were also observed. Regular physical activity in the open air during the winter brings measurable health benefits, positively influencing the body composition and motor efficiency of adult men.
体育活动与包括天气状况在内的环境因素之间存在关联。冬季不应成为放弃体育活动的季节。先前的研究表明，成年人日常体育活动水平的降低会对其运动能力和呼吸耐力产生负面影响，进而导致生活质量下降。本研究的目的是评估冬季户外体育活动对在冬季进行常规体育活动的成年男性（年龄45.4±5.9岁，体育活动组PA，n = 31）与不进行体育活动的男性对照组（PI，n = 22）的身体参数、身体成分和运动表现的影响。在冬季开始时（前测）和结束时（后测）对两组的身体参数和选定的运动适应性参数（成人欧洲体适能测试）进行了两次测量。采用重复测量方差分析和事后LSD检验来评估平均参数值之间的差异。在体育活动组中，证实身体脂肪量、腰围和腹部肥胖指标有所下降，骨骼肌量增加。还观察到运动表现参数的改善，即柔韧性、上肢运动速度、手部和前臂肌肉握力、下半身力量以及心肺耐力。冬季在户外进行定期体育活动带来了可衡量的健康益处，对成年男性的身体成分和运动效率产生了积极影响。
