Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 11;24(16):12694. doi: 10.3390/ijms241612694.
Contemporary breast cancer management includes surgical resection combined with a multimodal approach, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and targeted therapies. Breast cancer treatment is now personalised in accordance with disease and host factors, which has translated to enhanced outcomes for the vast majority of patients. Unfortunately, the treatment of the disease involves patients developing treatment-induced toxicities, with cardiovascular and metabolic side effects having negative implications for long-term quality-of-life metrics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding ribonucleic acids that are 17 to 25 nucleotides in length, which have utility in modifying genetic expression by working at a post-transcriptional cellular level. miRNAs have involvement in modulating breast cancer development, which is well described, with these biomarkers acting as important regulators of disease, as well as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. This review focuses on highlighting the role of miRNAs as regulators and biomarkers of disease, particularly in breast cancer management, with a specific mention of the potential value of miRNAs in predicting treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity.
当代乳腺癌的治疗包括手术切除结合多模态治疗方法，包括化疗、放疗、内分泌治疗和靶向治疗。现在，根据疾病和宿主因素对乳腺癌的治疗进行个体化治疗，这使得绝大多数患者的治疗效果得到了提高。不幸的是，疾病的治疗会导致患者产生治疗诱导的毒性，心血管和代谢副作用对长期生活质量指标有负面影响。微小 RNA（miRNA）是一类长度为 17 到 25 个核苷酸的小非编码核糖核酸，通过在转录后细胞水平上发挥作用来调节基因表达。miRNA 参与调节乳腺癌的发生，这一点已有详细描述，这些生物标志物作为疾病的重要调节剂，以及潜在的诊断和治疗生物标志物。这篇综述重点强调了 miRNA 作为疾病调节剂和生物标志物的作用，特别是在乳腺癌的治疗中，并特别提到了 miRNA 在预测与治疗相关的心血管毒性方面的潜在价值。
