Tian Qingqing, Huo Xingchen, Liu Qian, Yang Chunrong, Zhang Yongan, Su Jianguo
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Aug 16;11(8):1373. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11081373.
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) seriously threatens the grass carp () industry. Prophylactic GCRV vaccines prepared by virus-like particle (VLP) assembly biotechnology can improve effectiveness and safety. The highly immunogenic candidate antigens of GCRV vaccines that have been generally considered are the outer capsid proteins VP4, VP56, and VP35. In this study, VP4, VP56, and VP35 were expressed in an expression system and a expression system. The successful assembly of uniform, stable, and non-toxic VP4/VP56/VP35 VLPs was confirmed through various assays. After vaccination and GCRV infection, the survival rate in the VLPs + adjuvant Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) group was the highest (62%), 40% higher than that in control group (22%). Through the antibody levels, tissue viral load, and antioxidant immunity assays, the VLP vaccine effectively improved IgM levels, alleviated tissue virus load, and regulated antioxidant immune-related indicators. The treatment with VLPs enhanced the mRNA expression of important immune-related genes in the head kidney, as measured by qRT-PCR assay. Upon hematoxylin-eosin staining examination, relatively reduced tissue pathological damage was observed in the VLPs + APS group. The novel vaccine using VLPs as an effective green biological agent provides a prospective strategy for the control of fish viral diseases.
草鱼呼肠孤病毒（GCRV）严重威胁草鱼养殖业。通过病毒样颗粒（VLP）组装生物技术制备的预防性GCRV疫苗可以提高有效性和安全性。通常认为的GCRV疫苗的高免疫原性候选抗原是外衣壳蛋白VP4、VP56和VP35。在本研究中，VP4、VP56和VP35在一个表达系统和一个表达系统中表达。通过各种检测证实了均匀、稳定且无毒的VP4/VP56/VP35 VLPs的成功组装。接种疫苗和感染GCRV后，VLPs + 佐剂黄芪多糖（APS）组的存活率最高（62%），比对照组（22%）高40%。通过抗体水平、组织病毒载量和抗氧化免疫检测，VLP疫苗有效地提高了IgM水平，减轻了组织病毒载量，并调节了抗氧化免疫相关指标。通过qRT-PCR检测，用VLPs处理增强了头肾中重要免疫相关基因的mRNA表达。苏木精-伊红染色检查显示，VLPs + APS组的组织病理损伤相对减轻。使用VLPs作为有效的绿色生物制剂的新型疫苗为控制鱼类病毒疾病提供了一种前瞻性策略。
