Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia.
Biosecurity Animal Division, Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Viruses. 2023 Aug 8;15(8):1706. doi: 10.3390/v15081706.
Pacific oyster () aquaculture has been economically impacted in many countries by Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), a disease initiated by . The objectives of this study were to determine whether naturally exposed, adult could act as reservoirs for OsHV-1 and explain the recurrent seasonal outbreaks of POMS and to test whether or not they were resistant to OsHV-1. In a laboratory infection experiment using thermal shock, OsHV-1 replication was not reactivated within the tissues of such oysters and the virus was not transmitted to naïve cohabitating spat. The adult oysters were resistant to intramuscular injection with a lethal dose of OsHV-1 and had 118 times lower risk of mortality than naïve oysters. Considered together with the results of other studies in , natural exposure or laboratory exposure to OsHV-1 may result in immunity during subsequent exposure events, either in the natural environment or the laboratory. While adult can carry OsHV-1 infection for lengthy periods, reactivation of viral replication leading to mortality and transmission of the virus to naïve oysters may require specific conditions that were not present in the current experiment. Further investigation is required to evaluate the mechanisms responsible for resistance to disease in oysters previously exposed to OsHV-1, whether immunity can be exploited commercially to prevent POMS outbreaks and to determine the source of the virus for recurrent seasonal outbreaks.
牡蛎养殖在许多国家的经济都受到了太平洋牡蛎死亡综合征（POMS）的影响，这种疾病是由. 本研究的目的是确定是否自然暴露的成年 可以作为 OsHV-1 的储主，解释 POMS 的反复季节性爆发，并测试它们是否对 OsHV-1 有抵抗力。在使用热休克的实验室感染实验中，OsHV-1 在这些牡蛎的组织中没有重新激活，病毒也没有传播给未感染的共栖幼体。成年牡蛎对肌肉内注射致死剂量的 OsHV-1 具有抵抗力，死亡率比未感染的牡蛎低 118 倍。与 的其他研究结果一起考虑，自然暴露或实验室暴露于 OsHV-1 可能会导致在随后的暴露事件中产生免疫力，无论是在自然环境还是实验室中。虽然成年 可以携带 OsHV-1 感染很长时间，但导致死亡率和将病毒传播给未感染的牡蛎的病毒复制的重新激活可能需要当前实验中不存在的特定条件。需要进一步研究来评估先前暴露于 OsHV-1 的牡蛎对疾病的抵抗力的机制，是否可以利用免疫力来预防 POMS 的爆发，并确定病毒的来源，以解释反复季节性爆发的原因。
