Kiszla Benjamin Matthew, Harris Mia Broughton
Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
JMIR Dermatol. 2022 Dec 1;5(4):e40540. doi: 10.2196/40540.
Tattoos are becoming increasingly common in the United States. However, little information is available to help clinicians anticipate where, when, and on what topics patients will seek guidance regarding tattoo care, complications, and removal.
The aim of this study was to model web searches concerning general interest in tattoo application, tattoo removal, and the geolocation of tattooing services.
Relative search volumes (RSVs) were elicited from Google Trends, filtered to web searches made in the United States between January 15, 2008, and October 15, 2022. Longitudinal data were analyzed in GraphPad Prism and geospatial data were visualized with Datawrapper for general interest searches (tattoo and tattoo removal), aggregated geolocating searches (eg, tattoo shops near me), and symptomatic searches relating to adverse effects (eg, itchy tattoo). Results were compared to previous global literature and national surveys of tattoo prevalence.
In the United States, the search terms tattoo and tattoo removal have experienced stable RSVs over the past 14 years, with both showing peaks in the summer and troughs in the winter. RSVs for search terms that geolocate tattooing services have experienced a general increase in use since 2008. A compilation of results for all collated geolocating search terms localized these searches mainly to the American South, with lesser involvement in the eastern Midwest and inland West. Increased search interest in the Southeast at the expense of more populous coastal states and Great Plains or western Midwest states reflects the ongoing harmonization of tattoo prevalence across regions, as shown by national surveys. Searches for symptoms related to adverse reactions to tattooing experienced an increase over the period of interest, with the same distribution as previous global findings.
Clinicians should be aware of an increase in search interest regarding tattoos and their removal, especially during the summer months in the Southeast and Midwest. This increase in interest is occurring together with increased tattoo prevalence and increased search interest for adverse reactions in a country lagging behind in tattoo ink regulation.
纹身在美国正变得越来越普遍。然而，几乎没有信息可帮助临床医生预测患者将在何时、何地以及就哪些主题寻求有关纹身护理、并发症和去除方面的指导。
本研究的目的是对有关纹身应用、纹身去除的普遍兴趣以及纹身服务地理位置的网络搜索进行建模。
从谷歌趋势中获取相对搜索量（RSV），筛选出2008年1月15日至2022年10月15日期间在美国进行的网络搜索。纵向数据在GraphPad Prism中进行分析，地理空间数据使用Datawrapper进行可视化，以了解普遍兴趣搜索（纹身和纹身去除）、汇总的地理位置搜索（例如，我附近的纹身店）以及与不良反应相关的症状性搜索（例如，纹身发痒）。将结果与先前的全球文献和全国纹身流行率调查进行比较。
在美国，搜索词“纹身”和“纹身去除”在过去14年中经历了稳定的RSV，两者均在夏季出现峰值，在冬季出现低谷。自2008年以来，用于定位纹身服务的搜索词的RSV总体使用量有所增加。所有整理的地理位置搜索词的结果汇编将这些搜索主要定位在美国南部，而中西部东部和内陆西部的参与度较低。东南部搜索兴趣的增加是以人口更多的沿海州以及大平原或中西部西部州为代价的，这反映了各地区纹身流行率的持续趋同，正如全国调查所示。在感兴趣的时间段内，对纹身不良反应相关症状的搜索有所增加，分布与先前的全球研究结果相同。
临床医生应意识到对纹身及其去除的搜索兴趣有所增加，尤其是在东南部和中西部的夏季月份。在一个纹身墨水监管滞后的国家，这种兴趣的增加与纹身流行率的上升以及对不良反应的搜索兴趣的增加同时出现。
