全球固体基质中自由生活阿米巴的流行率——系统评价与荟萃分析。
Global prevalence of free-living amoebae in solid matrices - A systematic review with meta-analysis.
机构信息
Graduate Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, UFRGS, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Center of Studies in Science and Technology (NECET), Biology Course, Universidade Rovuma, Niassa Branch, Lichinga, Mozambique.
Graduate Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
出版信息
Acta Trop. 2023 Nov;247:107006. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107006. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
The ubiquitous free-living amoebae (FLA) are microorganisms of significant medical, sanitary, and ecological importance. However, their characterization within solid matrices such as soil, dust, sediment, mud, sludge, and compost remain to be systematized. In this study, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to explore the global distribution of FLA in solid matrices. From the analysis of 104 out of 4,414 scientific articles retrieved from different databases, it was found that the general global prevalence of FLA in solid matrices was of 55.13% (95% confidence interval (CI) 49.32-60.94). Specifically, FLA prevalence was high in soil (72.40%, 95% CI 69.08-75.73), sediment (57.91%, 95% CI 50.01-65.81), mud (52.90%, 95% CI 24.01-81.78), dust (48.60%, 95% CI 43.00-54.19), and sewage sludge (40.19%, 95% CI 30.68-49.70). In aerosols it was comparatively lower (17.21%, 95% CI 12.76-21.66). Acanthamoeba spp. (52.23%) and Hartmanella/Vermamoeba spp. (36.06%) were found to be more prevalent, whereas Naegleria spp. (34.98%) and Balamuthia spp. (27.32%) were less prevalent. The distribution of the highest global prevalence values for species of Acanthamoeba spp., considering different publication periods of the studies, is as follows: A. hatchetti (51.46%), A. rhysodes (47.49%), A. polyphaga (36.37%), A. culbertsoni (34.31%), A. castellanii (34.21%), and A. lenticulata (32.82%). For other FLA species, the distribution is: Hartmannella/Vermamoeba vermiformis (91.57%), Naegleria fowleri (42.32%), Naegleria gruberi (32.39%), and Balamuthia mandrillaris (25%). The most prevalent Acanthamoeba genotypes were T4 (33.38%) and T3 (23.94%). Overall, the global prevalence of FLA in solid matrices is as high as or greater than that reported in water by previous systematic reviews. Thus, actions aimed at reducing exposure to FLA or exploring their ecological dynamics should consider not only water but also the various solid matrices. The finding outlined here can provide valuable insights for such actions, e.g., informing on the level of exposure to FLA, or on the microbial biodiversity of specific environmental compartments.
无处不在的自由生活阿米巴（FLA）是具有重要医学、卫生和生态意义的微生物。然而，它们在土壤、灰尘、沉积物、泥浆、污泥和堆肥等固体基质中的特征仍有待系统化。在这项研究中，我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以探索 FLA 在固体基质中的全球分布。从对从不同数据库中检索到的 4414 篇科学文章中的 104 篇进行分析，发现 FLA 在固体基质中的总体全球流行率为 55.13%（95%置信区间[CI] 49.32-60.94）。具体而言，FLA 在土壤（72.40%，95%CI 69.08-75.73）、沉积物（57.91%，95%CI 50.01-65.81）、泥浆（52.90%，95%CI 24.01-81.78）、灰尘（48.60%，95%CI 43.00-54.19）和污水污泥（40.19%，95%CI 30.68-49.70）中普遍较高。而在气溶胶中则相对较低（17.21%，95%CI 12.76-21.66）。棘阿米巴属（52.23%）和 Hartmanella/Vermamoeba 属（36.06%）更为普遍，而纳氏菌属（34.98%）和巴尔曼西亚菌属（27.32%）则较少见。考虑到研究的不同出版时期，棘阿米巴属物种的全球最高流行率值的分布如下：棘阿米巴属 hatchetti（51.46%）、棘阿米巴属 rhysodes（47.49%）、棘阿米巴属 polyphaga（36.37%）、棘阿米巴属 culbertsoni（34.31%）、棘阿米巴属 castellanii（34.21%）和棘阿米巴属 lenticulata（32.82%）。对于其他 FLA 物种，分布如下：Hartmannella/Vermamoeba vermiformis（91.57%）、福氏纳氏菌（42.32%）、格氏纳氏菌（32.39%）和巴尔曼西亚菌（25%）。最常见的棘阿米巴基因型为 T4（33.38%）和 T3（23.94%）。总的来说，FLA 在固体基质中的全球流行率与之前系统评价中报道的在水中的流行率一样高，甚至更高。因此，旨在减少接触 FLA 或探索其生态动态的行动不仅应考虑水，还应考虑各种固体基质。这里概述的发现可以为这些行动提供有价值的见解，例如，了解接触 FLA 的程度，或特定环境隔室的微生物生物多样性。
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