State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023 Aug 26;14(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03452-y.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in cell therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine because of their self-renewal, pluripotency, and immunomodulatory properties. The microenvironment in which MSCs are located significantly affects their physiological functions. The microenvironment directly or indirectly affects cell behavior through biophysical, biochemical, or other means. Among them, the mechanical signals provided to MSCs by the microenvironment have a particularly pronounced effect on their physiological functions and can affect osteogenic differentiation, chondrogenic differentiation, and senescence in MSCs. Mechanosensitive ion channels such as Piezo1 and Piezo2 are important in transducing mechanical signals, and these channels are widely distributed in sites such as skin, bladder, kidney, lung, sensory neurons, and dorsal root ganglia. Although there have been numerous studies on Piezo channels in MSCs in recent years, the function of Piezo channels in MSCs is still not well understood, and there has been no summary of their relationship to illustrate which physiological functions of MSCs are affected by Piezo channels and the possible underlying mechanisms. Therefore, based on the members, structures, and functions of Piezo ion channels and the fundamental information of MSCs, this paper focused on summarizing the advances in Piezo channels in MSCs from various tissue sources to provide new ideas for future research and practical applications of Piezo channels and MSCs.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）因其自我更新、多能性和免疫调节特性而广泛应用于细胞治疗、组织工程和再生医学。MSCs 所处的微环境对其生理功能有显著影响。微环境通过生物物理、生化或其他方式直接或间接地影响细胞行为。其中，微环境向 MSCs 提供的机械信号对其生理功能有特别明显的影响，可影响 MSCs 的成骨分化、软骨分化和衰老。Piezo1 和 Piezo2 等机械敏感性离子通道在机械信号转导中起着重要作用，这些通道广泛分布在皮肤、膀胱、肾脏、肺部、感觉神经元和背根神经节等部位。近年来，虽然已有大量关于 MSCs 中 Piezo 通道的研究，但 Piezo 通道在 MSCs 中的功能仍未被充分了解，也没有对其关系进行总结来说明 Piezo 通道影响 MSCs 的哪些生理功能及其潜在的机制。因此，基于 Piezo 离子通道的成员、结构和功能以及 MSCs 的基本信息，本文重点总结了来自不同组织来源的 MSCs 中 Piezo 通道的研究进展，为 Piezo 通道和 MSCs 的未来研究和实际应用提供新的思路。
