Institute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Public Health, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Str. 4b, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
University of Cambridge, Centre for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, Cambridge, UK.
Nat Commun. 2023 Aug 26;14(1):5224. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41049-4.
Since emergence of the initial SARS-CoV-2 BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 variants, Omicron has diversified substantially. Antigenic characterization of these new variants is important to analyze their potential immune escape from population immunity and implications for future vaccine composition. Here, we describe an antigenic map based on human single-exposure sera and live-virus isolates that includes a broad selection of recently emerged Omicron variants such as BA.2.75, BF.7, BQ, XBB and XBF variants. Recent Omicron variants clustered around BA.1 and BA.5 with some variants further extending the antigenic space. Based on this antigenic map we constructed antibody landscapes to describe neutralization profiles after booster immunization with bivalent mRNA vaccines based on ancestral virus and either BA.1 or BA.4/5. Immune escape of BA.2.75, BQ, XBB and XBF variants was also evident in bivalently boosted individuals, however, cross-neutralization was improved for those with hybrid immunity. Our results indicate that future vaccine updates are needed to induce cross-neutralizing antibodies against currently circulating variants.
自最初的 SARS-CoV-2 BA.1、BA.2 和 BA.5 变体出现以来，Omicron 已经发生了很大的变化。这些新变体的抗原特征分析对于分析它们潜在的免疫逃逸人群免疫力以及对未来疫苗成分的影响非常重要。在这里，我们描述了一个基于人类单次暴露血清和活病毒分离物的抗原图谱，其中包括广泛选择的最近出现的 Omicron 变体，如 BA.2.75、BF.7、BQ、XBB 和 XBF 变体。最近的 Omicron 变体聚集在 BA.1 和 BA.5 周围，有些变体进一步扩展了抗原空间。基于这个抗原图谱，我们构建了抗体图谱，以描述用基于原始病毒和 BA.1 或 BA.4/5 的二价 mRNA 疫苗进行加强免疫后的中和谱。BA.2.75、BQ、XBB 和 XBF 变体的免疫逃逸在二价加强免疫的个体中也很明显，然而，对于具有混合免疫的个体，交叉中和得到了改善。我们的结果表明，需要对未来的疫苗更新，以诱导针对当前流行变体的交叉中和抗体。
