Rössler Annika, Netzl Antonia, Lasrado Ninaad, Chaudhari Jayeshbhai, Mühlemann Barbara, Wilks Samuel H, Kimpel Janine, Smith Derek J, Barouch Dan H
Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.
Cell Rep. 2025 Jan 28;44(1):115140. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115140. Epub 2025 Jan 3.
Virus neutralization profiles against primary infection sera and corresponding antigenic cartography are integral part of the COVID-19 and influenza vaccine strain selection processes. Human single variant exposure sera have previously defined the antigenic relationships among SARS-CoV-2 variants but are now largely unavailable due to widespread population immunity. Therefore, antigenic characterization of future SARS-CoV-2 variants will require an animal model, analogous to using ferrets for influenza virus. We evaluated neutralization profiles against 23 SARS-CoV-2 variants in nonhuman primates (NHPs) after single variant exposure and generated an NHP-derived antigenic map. We identified a distant antigenic region occupied by BA.2.86, JN.1, and the descendants KP.2, KP.3, and KZ.1.1.1. We also found that the monovalent XBB.1.5 mRNA vaccine induced broad immunity against the mapped antigenic space. In addition, substantial concordance was observed between our NHP-derived and two human antigenic maps, demonstrating the utility of NHPs as a surrogate for antigenic cartography in humans.
针对初次感染血清的病毒中和谱以及相应的抗原图谱是新冠病毒和流感疫苗毒株选择过程的重要组成部分。人类单变体暴露血清此前已明确了新冠病毒变体之间的抗原关系，但由于人群普遍免疫，目前这类血清已基本无法获取。因此，未来对新冠病毒变体进行抗原特性分析将需要一种动物模型，类似于用雪貂研究流感病毒。我们评估了非人类灵长类动物（NHP）在暴露于单变体后针对23种新冠病毒变体的中和谱，并生成了一份源自NHP的抗原图谱。我们确定了一个由BA.2.86、JN.1及其后代KP.2、KP.3和KZ.1.1.1占据的远抗原区。我们还发现，单价XBB.1.5 mRNA疫苗诱导了针对所绘制抗原空间的广泛免疫。此外，我们源自NHP的抗原图谱与另外两份人类抗原图谱之间存在显著一致性，证明了NHP作为人类抗原图谱替代物的实用性。
