Ishibashi Hiroshi, Minamide Seigo, Takeuchi Ichiro
Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566 Japan.
Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566 Japan.
Mar Life Sci Technol. 2023 Aug 12;5(3):289-299. doi: 10.1007/s42995-023-00183-0. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Diuron is one of the most frequently applied herbicides in sugarcane farming in southern Japan, and Australia. In addition, it is used as a booster substance in copper-based antifouling paints. Due to these various uses, Diuron is released into the marine environment; however, little information is available on gene expression in corals and their symbiotic algae exposed to Diuron. We investigated the effects of Diuron on stress-responsive gene expression in the hermatypic coral and its symbiotic dinoflagellates. After seven days of exposure to 1 µg/L and 10 µg/L Diuron, no significant changes in the body colour of corals were observed. However, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that the expression levels of stress-responsive genes, such as heat shock protein 90 (), , and calreticulin (), were significantly downregulated in corals exposed to 10 µg/L of Diuron for seven days. Moreover, aquaglyceroporin was significantly downregulated in corals exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 1 µg/L Diuron. In contrast, no such effects were observed on the expression levels of other stress-responsive genes, such as oxidative stress-responsive proteins, methionine adenosyltransferase, and green/red fluorescent proteins. Diuron exposure had no significant effect on the expression levels of , , or in the symbiotic dinoflagellates. These results suggest that stress-responsive genes, such as s, respond differently to Diuron in corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates and that s and s may be useful molecular biomarkers for predicting stress responses induced by the herbicide Diuron.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-023-00183-0.
敌草隆是日本南部和澳大利亚甘蔗种植中最常用的除草剂之一。此外，它还被用作铜基防污漆中的增效物质。由于这些多种用途，敌草隆被释放到海洋环境中；然而，关于暴露于敌草隆的珊瑚及其共生藻类中的基因表达情况，可用信息很少。我们研究了敌草隆对造礁珊瑚及其共生甲藻中应激反应基因表达的影响。在暴露于1微克/升和10微克/升敌草隆七天后，未观察到珊瑚体色有显著变化。然而，定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应分析表明，在暴露于10微克/升敌草隆七天的珊瑚中，应激反应基因如热休克蛋白90（）、（此处原文可能有缺失）和钙网蛋白（）的表达水平显著下调。此外，在暴露于环境相关浓度1微克/升敌草隆的珊瑚中，水甘油通道蛋白显著下调。相比之下，在其他应激反应基因如氧化应激反应蛋白、甲硫氨酸腺苷转移酶和绿色/红色荧光蛋白的表达水平上未观察到此类影响。敌草隆暴露对共生甲藻中（此处原文可能有缺失）、（此处原文可能有缺失）或（此处原文可能有缺失）的表达水平没有显著影响。这些结果表明，应激反应基因如（此处原文可能有缺失）在珊瑚及其共生甲藻中对敌草隆的反应不同，并且（此处原文可能有缺失）和（此处原文可能有缺失）可能是预测除草剂敌草隆诱导的应激反应的有用分子生物标志物。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s42995-023-00183-0获取的补充材料。
