Shi Yenong, He Dongqiong, Zhang Xianwei, Yuan Mingqing, Liu Xu
Medical College of Guangxi University, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Curr Pharm Des. 2023;29(25):1975-1991. doi: 10.2174/1381612829666230830105817.
Human health is significantly threatened by infectious diseases caused by viral infection. Over the years, there have been numerous virus epidemics worldwide, causing millions of deaths. Traditional antiviral medications have many problems, including poor solubility and antiviral resistance. Additionally, because different drug delivery methods have different biological barriers to overcome, the drug's bioavailability will be significantly affected. Therefore, it is essential that researchers create more effective antiviral drugs. To serve as a guide for the future development of nanosized antiviral drugs with stronger and more precise therapeutic effects, research has been performed on nanotechnology in the field of antiviral therapy. This review summarizes the recent developments in antiviral nanopharmaceuticals with different delivery routes. Research on 7 typical viruses, including COVID-19, has been included in this review. After being loaded into nanoparticles, antiviral drugs can be delivered through several drug modes of delivery, overcoming biological barriers. Moreover, some nanoparticles themselves have the ability to combat infections, so they can be used in conjunction with antiviral medication. The use of nanoparticle medications through various routes of administration can result in their unique benefits. They can be capable of overcoming its limitations as well as retaining the advantages of this method of delivery. This will motivate researchers to conducted a new investigation on nanoparticle medicines from the standpoint of the route of administration in order to increase the practicability of antiviral medications.
人类健康受到病毒感染引起的传染病的严重威胁。多年来，全球发生了无数次病毒流行，导致数百万人死亡。传统抗病毒药物存在许多问题，包括溶解度差和抗病毒耐药性。此外，由于不同的药物递送方法需要克服不同的生物屏障，药物的生物利用度会受到显著影响。因此，研究人员开发更有效的抗病毒药物至关重要。为了为未来开发具有更强、更精确治疗效果的纳米抗病毒药物提供指导，人们对抗病毒治疗领域的纳米技术进行了研究。本综述总结了不同递送途径的抗病毒纳米药物的最新进展。本综述纳入了对包括新冠病毒在内的7种典型病毒的研究。抗病毒药物被载入纳米颗粒后，可以通过几种药物递送模式进行递送，克服生物屏障。此外，一些纳米颗粒本身具有对抗感染的能力，因此可以与抗病毒药物联合使用。通过各种给药途径使用纳米颗粒药物会产生其独特的优势。它们能够克服其局限性，同时保留这种递送方法的优点。这将促使研究人员从给药途径的角度对纳米颗粒药物进行新的研究，以提高抗病毒药物的实用性。
