Farrugia Danielle Martine, Vilches Silvia Leonor, Gerber Alexander
University of Malta, Msida, MSD 2080, Malta.
International Consortium of Research Staff Associations (ICoRSA), Cork City, Ireland.
Open Res Eur. 2022 Jul 20;1:144. doi: 10.12688/openreseurope.13796.2. eCollection 2021.
Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is beyond the capacity of any single organisation. The model for Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) includes principles of engaging stakeholders and suggests that an engaged, multi-sectoral approach hold promise to mobilise humanity to solve complex and urgent global issues. This scoping review explores the characteristics of effective and sustainable inter-organisational networks for fostering RRI in service of the SDGs. An inductive-deductive search of prior studies (1990-2020), with the exception of Benson's (1975) seminal work was conducted, which focused on strategies to initiate and maintain inter-organisational networks relevant to the implementation of RRI and/or SDGs. The search began with themes derived from prior network theory, focusing on: (a) the type and function of networks; (b) the aims and vision; and (c) the relationships between networks and network members. In total, 55 articles on inter-organisational network theory were included for the final analysis. Results are reported under themes of: (1) Effectiveness, Sustainability, and Success; (2) Governance and Management; and (3) Network Relationship. Network structures, forms of management and funding are linked to sustainable networks. Potential threats include power imbalances within networks, and internal and external factors that may affect relationships at network and community levels. Few studies examine diversity or cultural viewpoints. Studies highlight the benefits of networks such as enhancing knowledge sharing among researchers, practitioners, and other stakeholders. The effectiveness of the managerial structure may be observed as outputs of the intention and values of an inter-organisational network. Our review demonstrates that a global inter-organisational network approach is achievable. Such a network would have many benefits, including allowing organisations to be responsive and flexible towards change and innovation. Keywords RRI, SDGs, network theory, inter-organisational networks, governance, trust.
实现联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）并非任何单个组织所能企及。负责任研究与创新（RRI）模式包含让利益相关者参与的原则，并表明一种多方参与的跨部门方法有望动员全人类解决复杂且紧迫的全球问题。本综述探讨了为促进服务于可持续发展目标的负责任研究与创新而建立的有效且可持续的组织间网络的特征。我们对之前的研究（1990 - 2020年）进行了归纳 - 演绎式检索，但不包括本森（1975年）的开创性著作，该著作聚焦于启动和维持与负责任研究与创新及/或可持续发展目标实施相关的组织间网络的策略。检索始于源自先前网络理论的主题，重点关注：（a）网络的类型和功能；（b）目标和愿景；（c）网络与网络成员之间的关系。最终分析共纳入了55篇关于组织间网络理论的文章。结果依据以下主题进行报告：（1）有效性、可持续性与成功；（2）治理与管理；（3）网络关系。网络结构、管理形式和资金与可持续网络相关联。潜在威胁包括网络内的权力失衡，以及可能影响网络和社区层面关系的内部和外部因素。很少有研究考察多样性或文化观点。研究强调了网络的益处，例如增强研究人员、从业者和其他利益相关者之间的知识共享。管理结构的有效性可被视为组织间网络意图和价值观的产出。我们的综述表明，全球组织间网络方法是可行的。这样一个网络将有诸多益处，包括使各组织能够对变化和创新做出响应并保持灵活性。关键词：负责任研究与创新、可持续发展目标、网络理论、组织间网络、治理、信任
