Wolfs Kenny, Bos Arjan E R, Mevissen Fraukje E F, Alberts Hugo, van Lankveld Jacques J D M
Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Open Res Eur. 2023 Jan 18;3:11. doi: 10.12688/openreseurope.15433.1. eCollection 2023.
The Reflective Impulsive Model of Strack and Deutsch (2004) is a dual-process model and could be a dynamic theoretical framework of sexual risk behavior that is able to predict condom use under different circumstances. If we apply the Reflective Impulsive Model to sexual risk behavior, implicit attitudes regarding sexual risk behavior should have a stronger impact on behavior when working memory capacity is low. Explicit attitudes have a strong impact on intentions, which diminishes as participants have less working memory capacity.
In this study, we induced a state of ego depletion to examine the impact of low working memory capacity on implicit and explicit attitudes and condom use intentions. Young, male participants ( = 66) were randomly assigned to either an ego depletion condition (difficult calculus task) or a placebo condition (easy calculus task). At baseline, a questionnaire measuring explicit attitudes and intentions to use a condom, and an Implicit Association Test measuring implicit attitudes towards condoms were administered. After the ego calculus task, participants once more completed the questionnaire and Implicit Association Test.
We found no evidence that ego depletion had an effect on intentions to use a condom in young men. Explicit attitudes predicted intentions to use a condom, regardless of participants' state. We found no relationship between implicit condom attitudes and intentions to use a condom, neither in the ego depletion nor in the placebo condition.
The implications of this null finding are discussed.
施特拉克和多伊奇（2004年）的反射冲动模型是一种双加工模型，可能是性风险行为的动态理论框架，能够预测不同情况下的避孕套使用情况。如果我们将反射冲动模型应用于性风险行为，那么当工作记忆容量较低时，关于性风险行为的内隐态度对行为的影响应该更强。外显态度对意图有很强的影响，但随着参与者工作记忆容量的减少，这种影响会减弱。
在本研究中，我们诱发了自我损耗状态，以检验低工作记忆容量对内隐和外显态度以及避孕套使用意图的影响。年轻男性参与者（n = 66）被随机分配到自我损耗条件组（困难的微积分任务）或安慰剂条件组（简单的微积分任务）。在基线时，进行了一项测量外显态度和使用避孕套意图的问卷，以及一项测量对避孕套内隐态度的内隐联想测验。在完成自我微积分任务后，参与者再次完成问卷和内隐联想测验。
我们没有发现证据表明自我损耗对年轻男性使用避孕套的意图有影响。无论参与者处于何种状态，外显态度都能预测使用避孕套的意图。我们没有发现内隐避孕套态度与使用避孕套意图之间存在关系，无论是在自我损耗条件组还是安慰剂条件组中。
讨论了这一零结果的意义。
