Leishmaniasis Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Immun Inflamm Dis. 2023 Aug;11(8):e946. doi: 10.1002/iid3.946.
Most of the vaccines that are effective against SARS-CoV-2 have used the following functional strategies: inactivated viruses, live attenuated viruses, viral vector-based vaccines, subunit vaccines, recombinant proteins, and DNA/RNA vaccines. Among the vaccines that stimulate the host's immune system with the help of DNA are: undergoing Phase 2/3 trials including INO-4800 (International Vaccine Institute; Inovio Pharmaceuticals), Symvivo, Canada-COVID19 (AnGes, Inc.); GX-19 (Genexine, Inc.). BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines were made by BioNTech/Pfizer/Fosun Pharma group and Moderna/NIAID group, respectively, which are considered as types of RNA vaccines. Vaccines that are based on the viral vector are AstraZeneca, Sputonium, and Johnson-Jensen. Among the inactive viral vaccines, the following can be mentioned: CoronaVac (Sinovac) WIBP vaccine (Wuhan Institute of Biological Products, Sinopharm), BBIBPCorV (Beijing Institute of Biological Products, Sinopharm), BBV152/Covaxin (Bharat Biotech, ICMR, National Institute of Virology) And among the protein-based/subunit vaccines, the following can be counted: NVX-CoV2373: (Novavax); SCB-2019 vaccine (Clover Biopharmaceuticals AUS Pty Ltd.); Covax-19 (GeneCure Biotechnologies; Vaxine Pty Ltd.) mRNA vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and protein subunit vaccines cannot cause disease because these vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against virus proteins instead of the virus itself (or its antigen). MRNA vaccines increase SARS-CoV-2 proteins and ultimately stimulate the production of T and B lymphocytes. The epidemic of HCoVs and their destructive and harmful effects on life has caused the scientific community to seek the production of an effective and efficient vaccine before its catastrophic release. We all need to know that none of us will be healed until the other is healed. The purpose of this review article is to present a selection of existing knowledge in the field of fighting and preventing the coronavirus.
大多数针对 SARS-CoV-2 有效的疫苗都采用了以下功能策略：灭活病毒、减毒活病毒、基于病毒载体的疫苗、亚单位疫苗、重组蛋白和 DNA/RNA 疫苗。在借助 DNA 刺激宿主免疫系统的疫苗中包括：正在进行 2/3 期试验的 INO-4800（国际疫苗研究所；Inovio 制药公司）、Symvivo、加拿大-COVID19（AnGes，Inc.）；GX-19（Genexine，Inc.）。BNT162b2 和 mRNA-1273 疫苗分别由 BioNTech/Pfizer/Fosun Pharma 集团和 Moderna/NIAID 集团制造，被认为是 RNA 疫苗的类型。基于病毒载体的疫苗有阿斯利康、Spoutnik 和强生。在非活性病毒疫苗中，可以提到以下几种：科兴新冠疫苗（科兴中维）WIBP 疫苗（中国生物武汉所）、BBIBP-CorV（国药中生北京所）、BBV152/Covaxin（印度 Bharat Biotech 公司和 ICMR、国家病毒学研究所）。在基于蛋白/亚单位的疫苗中，可以列举以下几种：NVX-CoV2373（诺瓦瓦克斯）；SCB-2019 疫苗（三叶草生物制药）；Covax-19（基因库生物技术公司和 Vaxine 私人有限公司）。mRNA 疫苗、病毒载体疫苗和蛋白亚单位疫苗不会引起疾病，因为这些疫苗刺激免疫系统产生针对病毒蛋白的抗体，而不是病毒本身（或其抗原）。mRNA 疫苗增加了 SARS-CoV-2 蛋白，最终刺激了 T 和 B 淋巴细胞的产生。HCoVs 的流行及其对生命的破坏性和有害影响促使科学界在其灾难性释放之前寻求生产有效和高效的疫苗。我们都需要知道，在其他人康复之前，我们都不会康复。本文的目的是介绍在抗击和预防冠状病毒领域的现有知识。
