Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
Mol Pharm. 2023 Oct 2;20(10):4893-4921. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00554. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Primary brain cancer or brain cancer is the overgrowth of abnormal or malignant cells in the brain or its nearby tissues that form unwanted masses called brain tumors. People with malignant brain tumors suffer a lot, and the expected life span of the patients after diagnosis is often only around 14 months, even with the most vigorous therapies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main barrier in the body that restricts the entry of potential chemotherapeutic agents into the brain. The chances of treatment failure or low therapeutic effects are some significant drawbacks of conventional treatment methods. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology have generated hope in cancer treatment. Nanotechnology has shown a vital role starting from the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. These tiny nanomaterials have great potential to deliver drugs across the BBB. Beyond just drug delivery, nanomaterials can be simulated to generate fluorescence to detect tumors. The current Review discusses in detail the challenges of brain cancer treatment and the application of nanotechnology to overcome those challenges. The success of chemotherapeutic treatment or the surgical removal of tumors requires proper imaging. Nanomaterials can provide imaging and therapeutic benefits for cancer. The application of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of brain cancer is discussed in detail by reviewing past studies.
原发性脑癌或脑癌是指大脑或其附近组织中异常或恶性细胞的过度生长，形成称为脑瘤的不需要的肿块。患有恶性脑肿瘤的人会遭受很多痛苦，即使采用最积极的治疗方法，患者诊断后的预期寿命通常也只有大约 14 个月。血脑屏障（BBB）是体内的主要屏障，限制了潜在化疗药物进入大脑的可能性。治疗失败或疗效低的机会是传统治疗方法的一些显著缺点。然而，纳米技术的最新进展为癌症治疗带来了希望。纳米技术从癌症的早期检测、诊断和治疗开始就发挥了重要作用。这些微小的纳米材料具有穿过血脑屏障输送药物的巨大潜力。纳米材料不仅可以用于药物输送，还可以被模拟产生荧光来检测肿瘤。本综述详细讨论了脑癌治疗的挑战以及纳米技术在克服这些挑战中的应用。化疗治疗或肿瘤的手术切除的成功需要适当的成像。纳米材料可为癌症提供成像和治疗益处。通过回顾过去的研究，详细讨论了纳米材料在脑癌诊断和治疗中的应用。
