Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark.
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lab Anim. 2023 Dec;57(6):650-663. doi: 10.1177/00236772231187179. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Pigs are widely used in metabolic research with procedures often requiring general anaesthesia. The aim was to investigate the effect of four different anaesthetic protocols: 1) isoflurane inhalation, 2) propofol infusion, 3) a mixture of tiletamine, zolazepam, medetomidine, ketamine and butorphanol (TZMKB)) and 4) ketamine combined with midazolam and xylazine (KMX)) on selected biomarkers during basal and glucose stimulated conditions. Eight domestic pigs were included in a cross-over design. Plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, cortisol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase, creatinine, urea, fructosamine, albumin, free fatty acids (FFAs) and glycerol were measured at baseline, during 2 h of anaesthesia and during 1 h of recovery. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT, 0.5 g glucose/kg) was performed after 1 h of anaesthesia. Glucose disappearance rate and areas under the insulin, C-peptide and glucagon curves from the IVGTT were calculated. All four anaesthetic protocols affected glucose metabolism parameters significantly compared with un-anaesthetised pigs, which was particularly evident during IVGTT and for TZMKB and KMX anaesthesia. Propofol additionally influenced the plasma concentrations of triglycerides, FFAs and glycerol significantly. The remaining circulating biomarkers were largely unaffected by anaesthesia. These data underline the importance of considering the anaesthetic protocol in porcine studies of circulating metabolic biomarkers.
猪被广泛用于代谢研究，其操作过程通常需要全身麻醉。本研究旨在探讨四种不同麻醉方案（1）异氟烷吸入、2）异丙酚输注、3）替来他明、唑拉西泮、甲磺酸右美托咪定、氯胺酮和丁丙诺啡（TZMKB）和 4）氯胺酮联合咪达唑仑和二甲噻嗪（KMX））对基础和葡萄糖刺激条件下某些生物标志物的影响。8 头家猪采用交叉设计方案纳入研究。在基础状态、麻醉 2 小时期间和恢复 1 小时期间，测量血糖、胰岛素、C 肽、胰高血糖素、皮质醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、肌酐、尿素、果糖胺、白蛋白、游离脂肪酸（FFAs）和甘油的血浆浓度。在麻醉 1 小时后进行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT，0.5g 葡萄糖/kg）。计算 IVGTT 中葡萄糖清除率和胰岛素、C 肽及胰高血糖素曲线下面积。与未麻醉猪相比，所有四种麻醉方案均显著影响葡萄糖代谢参数，在 IVGTT 中以及 TZMKB 和 KMX 麻醉时尤为明显。异丙酚还显著影响甘油三酯、FFAs 和甘油的血浆浓度。其余循环生物标志物受麻醉影响不大。这些数据强调了在研究循环代谢生物标志物的猪模型中考虑麻醉方案的重要性。
