Weyersberg Laura, Sommerfeld Florian, Vatter Petra, Hessling Martin
Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Department of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Biotech-Lab, Albert Einstein-Allee 55, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
AIMS Microbiol. 2023 May 5;9(3):431-443. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2023023. eCollection 2023.
To minimize health risks, surrogates are often employed to reduce experiments with pathogenic microorganisms and the associated health risk. Due to structural similarities between the enveloped RNA-viruses SARS-CoV-2 and Phi6, the latter has been established as a nonpathogenic coronavirus surrogate for many applications. However, large discrepancies in the UV log-reduction doses between SARS-CoV-2 and Phi6 necessitate the search for a better surrogate for UV inactivation applications. A literature study provided the bacteriophage PhiX174 as a potentially more suitable nonpathogenic coronavirus surrogate candidate. In irradiation experiments, the sensitivity of PhiX174 was investigated upon exposure to UV radiation of wavelengths 222 nm (Far-UVC), 254 nm (UVC), 302 nm (broad-band UVB), 311 nm (narrow-band UVB) and 366 nm (UVA) using a plaque assay. The determined log-reduction doses for PhiX174 were 1.3 mJ/cm @ 222 nm, 5 mJ/cm @ 254 nm, 17.9 mJ/cm @ 302 nm, 625 mJ/cm @ 311 nm and 42.5 J/cm @ 366 nm. The comparison of these results with published log-reduction doses of SARS-CoV-2 in the same spectral region, led to the conclusion that the bacteriophage PhiX174 exhibits larger log-reduction doses than SARS-CoV-2, nevertheless, it is a better UV-surrogate at 222 nm (Far-UVC), 254 nm (UVC) and 302 nm (UVB) than the often applied Phi6.
为了将健康风险降至最低，通常会采用替代物来减少对病原微生物的实验以及相关的健康风险。由于包膜RNA病毒严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和噬菌体Phi6在结构上存在相似性，后者已被确立为许多应用中的非致病性冠状病毒替代物。然而，SARS-CoV-2和Phi6在紫外线对数减少剂量方面存在巨大差异，因此有必要寻找一种更适合紫外线灭活应用的替代物。一项文献研究提出噬菌体PhiX174作为一种可能更合适的非致病性冠状病毒替代物候选。在辐照实验中，使用噬菌斑测定法研究了PhiX174在暴露于波长为222 nm（远紫外线C）、254 nm（紫外线C）、302 nm（宽带紫外线B）、311 nm（窄带紫外线B）和366 nm（紫外线A）的紫外线辐射时的敏感性。确定的PhiX174的对数减少剂量分别为：222 nm时1.3 mJ/cm²、254 nm时5 mJ/cm²、302 nm时17.9 mJ/cm²、311 nm时625 mJ/cm²和366 nm时42.5 J/cm²。将这些结果与同一光谱区域中已发表的SARS-CoV-2的对数减少剂量进行比较，得出结论：噬菌体PhiX174的对数减少剂量比SARS-CoV-2大，尽管如此，在222 nm（远紫外线C）、254 nm（紫外线C）和302 nm（紫外线B）下，它比常用的Phi6更适合作为紫外线替代物。
